Histology/vessels
What does increased osteoclast activity lead to?
Increased osteoclast activity leads to bone erosion.
What is the prevalence of symptomatic hand osteoarthritis?
Symptomatic hand osteoarthritis affects approximately 12.4% of the population
How is arthritis typically diagnosed?
Arthritis is usually diagnosed using X-ray imaging and blood tests for rheumatoid factor and specific markers.
What happens to the synovium in response to inflammation?
The synovium thickens and forms finger-like projections, a process known as villous hyperplasia.
How common is rheumatoid arthritis compared to psoriatic arthritis?
Rheumatoid arthritis affects about 1% of the population, while psoriatic arthritis is much rarer, affecting only 0.006%.
What are common medications used to manage arthritis?
Common medications include acetaminophen, NSAIDs, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biologic agents
How do blood vessels change during joint inflammation?
Blood vessels increase in number, contributing to the inflammatory process.
Are women or men more likely to have arthritis?
Women are more likely to have arthritis than men, with prevalence rates of 21.5% in women compared to 16.1% in men.
What role do acetaminophen and NSAIDs play in arthritis treatment?
Acetaminophen and NSAIDs help reduce pain and inflammation associated with arthritis.
What changes occur to cells and matrix during joint degeneration?
There is a loss of cells and matrix, which further contributes to joint damage.
How does family income influence arthritis prevalence?
The prevalence of arthritis decreases as family income increases.
What are some non-medication strategies to manage arthritis symptoms?
Non-medication strategies include exercise, hot/cold therapy, healthy eating, smoking cessation, and getting regular rest.
How does the calcified zone and bone structure change with cartilage loss?
The calcified zone becomes thicker, and the bone thickens as a result of cartilage loss.
What are the incidence rates of symptomatic hand osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis?
The incidence rates are 16.9% for symptomatic hand osteoarthritis, 0.03% for rheumatoid arthritis, and 0.15% for psoriatic arthritis.
Why is exercise recommended for arthritis patients?
Exercise helps maintain joint flexibility, strengthen muscles around the joints, and improve overall physical function