Post-Revolution
What was were the benefits and draw backs that America had right after the war?
Benefits: Cheap land, No Freren Revolution excesses, Manufacturing grew during the revolution, could trade freely with foreign nations.
Draw Backs: Runaway inflation, British manufacturers flooded the U.S with cheap goods, lack of British naval protection, lack of unity.
What did the Federalists party believe and just tell me more about them?
A strong federal gov, power and influence, wealthier and better educated, controlled most major newspapers.
After some years: Gov should support business, Pro-British, distrust full-blown democrat due to swayability of uneducated Common folk.
Who was the First president, Vice President, Sec of state, Sec of treasury, and Sec of war?
George Washigton, John Adams, Tomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton and Henry Knox.
What was the XYZ Affair?
French require bribe to negotiate, Public turns against the French, the U.S grows its military, Quasi-war with France.
(The Quasi-War was an undeclared naval war fought from 1798 to 1800 between the United States and the French First Republic, primarily in the Caribbean and off the East Coast of the United States.)
What was Washington stances on the French Revolution and how did the country see the French Revolution?
Reign of Terror lead to people's fear of mobocracy, Jeffersonians wanted to help the French.
Washington's Neutrality Proclamation (1793), U.S. was not prepared to fight a war, sets the idea of isolationism.
What was going on with the church, what was going on with slavery, and what is republican motherhood?
What was Shay's Rebellion?
The church started to move away from the state, religious freedom in virginia, Many northern states abolished slavery but laws still discriminate against free blacks, It's the mother's job to teach the family the values of republicanism.
Backwood farmers in MA were losing farms due to debt. Demanded: Cheap paper money, lighter taxes, suspension of property takeovery. (Look at the Notes to tell more)
What is the Anti-Federalists believe and just tell me about them?
Opposed a strong federal government, States' rights, back country, people, small farmers, debtors and paper-money lovers, constitution steals power from the common man, anti-democratic with individual rights in jeopardy.
What was the Judiciary Act of 1789?
What is a tariff?
The created supreme court, Federalist John Jay: 1st Chief justice, federal district and circuit courts, created the position of attorney general.
It was a tax on foreign goods so it would cost more to buy something foreign then buy something from the states. (For 50 points do you know why we need a tariff)
They refused to "fully" acknowledge U.S, Retained trading posts on U.S soil, Tried to keep some Navigation laws,
Excuse: Our Poor treatment of loyalists
Real Reason: Keep fur trade and protection against a Canadian invasion.
Who disliked Adams and who did he get advice from.
Disliked: Radical Federalists (Led by Hamilton), Democratic-Republicans (Led by Jefferson).
Abigail Adams
What was the document before the constitution that was used to run the government? What does it have to do with the states?
Articles of Confederation
Each state got one vote- Important bills required a state to support it, amendments required all 13 states.
The states had all the power.
Appealed to middle class and underprivileged, Weak central gov ->power to the states, strict constitutional interpretation, against having a national debt, favored vote by all educated white males, Pro-slavery
(For 100 points what was the other name of this party)
What was the Whiskey Rebellion 1794 and what started it?
Tax on whiskey, SW PA for violent, Washington had to raise an army
Views as a gain for the federal government, Foes said it was a brutal display of force by the central govt, membership in Democratic-Republican party started to grow.
What was Jay's Treaty
British get off U.S. soil, Britain pay for seized ships (no promise to stop seizing), U.S will pay back debts still owned to British merchants.
(The British had forts on U.S land, they seized American merchant ships and impressed Sailors)
(Washington)
After the XYZ Affair what was the Convention of 1800 about?
Napoleon ends the Franco-American agreement and agrees to pay damages.
What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
A very weak central congress, also no executive branch or judicial branch.
No power to regulate commerces (The prices of thing from state to state), the government couldn't tax or draft an army.
What did the Radical Republicanism believed?
Mostly the poor
Wanted Complete leveling of society
What happend at the Constitutional Convention?
Every state sent reps (except RI) they were wealthy and young, lawyers made there state constitutions, dropped own interests to aid their country ->Civic Virtue, Wished to protect America from weaknesses from abroad and at home, preserve the union forstall anarchy and ensure security of life and property against dangerous uprising.
What problems did Spain and France gave the U.S.?
Spain: Disputed southern boundary, closed off the mouth of the Mississippi River, Instigated Indians against the U.S.
France: Demanded payback of loans, Restricted our trade with West Indies.
What is Nullification and who came up with it?
Madison in Virginia & Jefferson in Kentucky
States can nullify a federal law it views as unconstitutional.
Federalists say supreme court decides constitutionality.
What were the successes of the Articles of Confederation?
The Land Ordinance 1789 (Land in the old northwest was sold to pay off national debt, Land was divided into townships (6 miles squarely/ then divided into 36 section) The 16th section had to be a public school)
Northwest Ordinance of 1787 (Land run by the federal government, If the population reached 60,000 it could be a state, No slavery was allowed in the new states.
What did the Conservative Republicanism believed?
Believed in an end to hereditary aristocracy, but not an end to all social hierarchy
Too much liberty overwhelms the stability of social order -> mobocracy
What was all of Hamilton's financial plans?
Trickle-down economies
Fix national Credit: Assumption of debt, Tired states and creditors to federal government, States with huge debts want and States without debt doesn't want it. Compromise: New capital built on Potomac river.
Bank of the U.S.: Federal gov major stockholder (Go to Notes)
What was the Pinckney's Treaty?
Spain is fearful of an Anglo-American alliance, Granted U.S North Florida and Use of Mississippi River.
(Washington)
What was the Alien and Sedition act? (Adams)
Series of laws passed by Federalists to "Shut up" and limit the influence of the Democratic-Republican party.
Jeffersonians views this as a violation of free speech, Supreme court, dominated by Federalists approve acts.