Classification of Joints
Joint Structure
Synovial Joints
It's a plane...
Common Pathologies
100
Has a thin layer of fibrous periosteum between the two bones.
What is synarthrosis?
100
Bands of fibrous connective tissue that provide attachment for cartilage, fascia or muscle and hold the bones making up the synovial joint together.
What are ligaments?
100
These are the two possible types of uniaxial joints in the human body.
What is a hinge joint and pivot joint?
100
This plane through the body from side to side and divides the body into front and back portions
What is the frontal or coronal plane?
100
Refers to a complete separation of the articular surfaces of a joint.
What is a dislocation?
200
This term is Greek for "bolting together" and can be found between the tooth and the wall of the dental socket.
What is Gomphosis?
200
A fibrocartilaginous structure that deepens the shallow socket of the glenoid labrum or acetabulum of the pelvis
What is a labrum?
200
The AC joint, vertebral facet joints and intercarpal joints are this type of synovial joint.
What is plane joint?
200
Shoulder internal rotation moves in this plane of reference.
What is the transverse plane?
200
An inflammation of the capsule surrounding a joint.
What is capsulitis?
300
The intervertebral disk forms one of this type of joint.
What is cartilaginous?
300
Connects muscle to bone
What is a tendon?
300
An ellipsoid joint has this many degrees of freedom.
What is two?
300
The axis of rotation required by an motion being performed in the transverse plane.
What is a vertical or longitudinal axis?
300
Characterized by the breakdown, degeneration or loss of articular cartilage in one or more joints.
What is a osteoarthritis?
400
Another name for a synovial joint is this.
What is diarthrosis?
400
A small, pad-like sac found around most joints, which serve to reduce friction between tendons and their underlying bones.
What is a bursa?
400
The metacarpophalangeal joints are an example of this type of joint.
What is condyloid?
400
The motion of scaption combines movements in these two planes of reference.
What are sagittal and frontal plane movements?
400
Involves a partial or complete tearing of ligamentous fibers surrounding a joint.
What is a sprain?
500
This type of joint can be found between the radius and ulna, or tibia and fibula and is held together by the interosseous membrane.
What is syndesmosis?
500
A broad, flat tendinous sheath found in areas where muscles cannot directly attach to bone.
What is an aponeurosis?
500
The saddle joint can be found in the body at this location.
What is the sternoclavicular or CMC joint of the thumb?
500
Thumb abduction occurs in this _____ plane of reference and requires this _____ axis of rotation.
What is sagittal plane; frontal axis of rotation?
500
An inflammation of the tendon sheath likely caused by repetitive use or trauma.
What is tenosynovitis?
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