Production of Speech Sounds
The most important component of the vocal tract for phoneme production because it influences production of all but one phoneme
What is the Oral Cavity?
These are described by position of tongue in the mouth, and where they are formed in the mouth
What are Vowels?
These are simplifications that are predictable
What are phonological processes?
Articulation disorders differ from Phonological disorders because of difficulty with this.
What is difficulty with motor movements to produce speech sounds typical for age.
This procedure involves the partial removal of the tongue which is likely to negatively impact speech production and intelligibility.
What is a glossectomy?
/m, n, ŋ/
What are nasal phonemes?
What are the 3 classifications of consonants?
What is Voicing, Place (of articulation), and Manner (of articulation)?
This is the national system of phonemes.
What is the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)?
This is how speech sounds develop or are acquired.
What is a predictable, developmental sequence?
This is a major contributor to phoneme shaping in the vocal tract.
What is the tongue?
The most important articulator.
What is the tongue?
What is the classification of consonant that is produced by the tongue and the teeth?
What are lingua-dental consonants?
1.Learning to produce the sounds (articulation)
2.Learning the rules how to sequence sounds into words, phrases and sentences
characterizes this
These are the 2 inter-related tasks of Phonological learning
The number of errors, the type of errors and which phoneme is produced incorrectly are all used to determine this.
What is the impact of articulation errors on communication?
This is a congenital opening between the oral and nasal cavities that will result in hypernasality.
What is cleft palate?
Structures in the Oral Cavity that helps shape the vocal tract.
What are the articulators?
Fricatives, consonants produced by the friction of air, refers to what classification of consonants?
What is Manner of Articulation?
The age of 6
What is the age that most phonological errors are extinguished?
This the intervention goal for treating individuals with apraxia and dysarthria.
What is increasing overall speech intelligibility?
Individuals who lose this may lose the ability to continue to produce sounds correctly.
What is hearing?
Respiration, Phonation, Phoneme Shaping, Resonance
What is the process of phonation?
This is produced when the velum opens to allow some air through to nasal cavity
What are nasal consonants?
If articulation disorders are considered a disorder of speech production, this is what phonological disorders are considered due to faulty learning on the phonological level of language vs. speech sound error.
What is a language-based disorder?
This is what differentiates an articulation disorder from Childhood Apraxia of Speech.
What is CAS is not due to any neuromuscular damage. It is a disorder of motor planning not motor production.
This is the main difference is between CAS and Dysarthria.
What is neuromuscular deficit/damage for dysarthria that does not occur with apraxia. There is no weakness, paralysis or incoordination of oral musculature for speech or feeding with apraxia