A
As the joint strength decreases, the mobility _______
Increases
What are the classifications for the articulations?
Functional- ROM
Structural- anatomical organization
What is the immovable joint and what is it made of?
Synarthrosis, fibrous and cartilaginous
This is a synovial joint that can be found at the ends of the long bone
Diarthrosis
What are four types of synarthrotic joints?
Suture, Gomphosis, Synchondrosis, Synostosis
What specific Synathroses would we expect to find between the first pair of ribs and the sternum? What about the the remnant between two fused bones?
Synchondrosis, Synostosis
The bones sperated by fibrocartilage are an example of what classification of joint and what specific example? What are two examples?
Amphiarthroses, symphysis, pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs.
The areolar connective tissue secretes __________
Synovial fluid
What are the three functions of the Synovial fluid?
Lubrication, Distributes nutrients, Shock absorption.
This pad is comprised of fibrocartilage and can be found between the inferior portion of the femur and the superior portion of the tibia.
Meniscus
Explain the clinical application of a sprain? How does it occur? What happens?
In a sprain, the collagen fibers of a ligament are torn, but the joint is not damaged. This occurs when the alignment of the bone is shifted into an noncorresponding way and the ligaments go with it.
What is the fluid filled sac that reduces friction in between joints? What is this called when it becomes inflammed?
Bursae, Bunion
The luxation of a synovial joint can best be described as...
The articulating surfaces forced out of position
What are four factors that help stabilize synovial joints and prevent injury?
1. collagen fibers of joint capsules
2. shape of articulating surface and menisci
3. presence of other bones, muscles, or fat pads
4. tendons of articulating bones
If a patient is double-jointed, then there would be greater flexibility in the articular ________ and ________. Being double jointed would be a cause for an increase in _________(injury).
capsule, ligament, dislocation.
When synovial cavity ______, pressure on synovial fluid ______. As a knuckle pops, what two compound elements are being drawn out and from where?
expands, decreases, CO2 and O2 from the blood vessels.
What is the name of the pads of fibrocartilage that separate vertebral bodies?
Intervertebral discs
What part of the intervertebral disc absorbs shock? What is it made of?
Nucleus pulposus, elastic cartilage with a gelatinous core.
What is the name of the disprder that occurs when uric acid crystals accumulate within synovial fluid? What will occur if left untreated?
Gouty Arthritis, the cartilage will be destroyed and the bone ends will fuse together.
What is the correct terminology for pain and stiffness of skeletal and muscular systems? What is the synonym for joint inflammation?
Rheumatism, Arthritis
The coxal joint represents what type of classification? It is composed of the _______(long bone) and the __________(socket).
Diarthrosis, Femur and Acetabulum
What two ligaments attach the intercondylar area of the tibia to the condyles of the femur?
Anterior Cruciate Ligament(ACL), Posterior Cruciate ligament(PCL)
What stabilizes the medial portion of the knee joint?
Tibial Collateral Ligament
The fibula has what two functions?
Forms and important part of the knee joint, and it articulates with the femur.
What is the difference between a bulging disc and a Herniated disc?
Bulging disc is compression of the nucleus pulposus which distorts the anulus fibrosus. Herniated disc is the Nucleus Pulposus breaking through the anulus fibrosus.