Classification
Movements
Structures 1
Structures 2
Injuries
100
A functional joint category based on range of motion permitted. This specific category is characterized by joints that are classified as freely movable. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 212).
What is the diarthrosis functional category?
100
An element that contributes to the extensive range of motion of the shoulder joint. This element extends from the scapular neck to the humerus; it is relatively over sized and weakest at its inferior surface. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 223).
What is the shoulder articular capsule?
100
Each arm articulates with the trunk at this element. This element consists of the S shaped clavicle and a broad, flat scapula. The shoulder joint is essentially an articulation of this element. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 182).
What is the pectoral girdle?
100
These ligaments tie the clavicle to the coracoid process and help limit the relative motion between the clavicle and the scapula. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 225).
What are the coracoclavicular ligaments?
100
The shoulder joint is able to undergo a wide range of motion and the inferior surface of the shoulder capsule is poorly reinforced. As a result, it is prone to this unfortunate event which is caused by an impact or violent muscle contraction. Such an event has the potential to tear the inferior capsular wall and the glenoid labrum. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 225).
What is a dislocation?
200
This type of joint is structured in a way that the round head of one bone rests withing a cup-shaped depression in another allowing all combinations of movements to occur. The shoulder joint is an example. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 218).
What is a ball-and- socket joint?
200
Are articulations including the shoulder joint that permit a combination of rotational and angular motions. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 215).
What are triaxial joints?
200
This ligament originates at the base of the coracoid process and inserts on the head of the humerus. This ligament strengthens the superior part of the articular capsule and helps support the weight of the upper limb. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 225).
What is the coracohumeral ligament?
200
This ligament extends between the greater and lesser tubercles and holds down the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle in the intertubercular groove of the humerus. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 225).
What is the transverse humeral ligament?
200
A condition characterized by inflammation of one or more bursae that can restrict motion and produce painful symptoms. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 225).
What is bursitis?
300
In the shoulder articulation, the head of the humerus rests within this cavity of the scapula. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 223).
What is the glenoid cavity?
300
Are two examples of angular motion which include movement away from the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane and then back towards the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane respectively. Both movements are permitted by the shoulder joint. (Martini et al., 2012, pgs. 216-217).
What are abduction and adduction?
300
This ligament spans the gap between the coracoid process and the acromion, just superior to the capsule. This ligament provides additional support to the superior surface of the capsule. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 225).
What is the coracoacromial ligament?
300
These bursae prevent contact between the acromion and coracoid process and the capsule. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 225).
What are the subacromial bursa and the subcoracoid bursa?
300
Occurs when muscles and ligaments are stretched beyond their normal limits. In athletes, this injury may occur due to repetitive activities, like pitching for example.
What is shoulder instability?
400
A joint that is within the diarthroses functional category thus can be monaxial, biaxial or triaxial. This complex joint is bounded by a joint capsule which contains fluid. The shoulder joint is an example. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 212).
What is a synovial joint?
400
Are two examples of angular motion which can be defined as movement in the anterior-posterior plane that reduces the angle and movement that increases the angle between articulating elements respectively. Both movements are permitted by the shoulder joint. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 217).
What are flexion and extension?
400
These structures that move the humerus do more to stabilize the shoulder joint than all the ligaments and capsular fibers combined. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 225).
What are skeletal muscles?
400
Within the shoulder joint, these bursae lie between large muscles and the capsular wall. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 225).
What are the subdeltoid bursa and the subscapular bursa?
400
A condition that is the result of tendons wearing down over time due to excessive and repetitive use
What is tendinitis?
500
The official name of the loose and shallow joint that permits the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 223).
What is the Glenohumeral Joint?
500
Two types of articular motion that can be explained in terms of a pencil. In the first, the tip of the pencil remains stationary and the angle of the shaft remains unchanged as the shaft spins around its longitudinal axis. In the second, the tip of the pencil remains stationary while the shaft, held at an angle less than 90 degrees, describes a complete circle. Both movements are permitted by the shoulder joint. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 215).
What are rotation and circumduction?
500
This ligament binds the acromion to the clavicle, thereby restricting clavicular movement at the acromial end. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 225).
What is the acromioclavicular ligament?
500
These structures pass across the shoulder joint and reinforce the anterior and superior portions of the capsule. The structures of specific appendicular muscles support the shoulder and limit its movement range. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 225).
What are tendons?
500
A collective term for all of the muscles and tendons in the shoulder. A frequent site of sports injury. (Martini et al., 2012, p. 225).
What is the rotator cuff?
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