FOREIGN AND INTERNATIONAL IMPACT
What concept describes the condition in which China’s market has significant power in shaping global commerce as a result of the country’s growing middle class, which consists of nearly 550 million people?
Gravitational Pull
Name two cases in which popular demonstrations, which were charged with nationalist fervor, overthrew Chinese regimes.
- The Qing
- The Republic of China
According to Susan Shirk, what is the name of “the group of people within the Party who have effective power to choose the leaders”
The selectorate
Name two out of three elements of China’s counterterrorism strategy in Xinjiang
Mass internment
Re-education
Block the movement of Uyghur citizens internally and internationally
According to Mary Gallagher what phenomenon has allowed China to bypass democratization by empowering winners who then block further reform in order to preserve their position?
Foreign Direct Investment
Name the areas that were allowed to implement low tax and tariff rates as well as flexible investment rules after 1979. The emergence of these places fueled hi tech development and massive growth.
Special Economic Zones
What are some of the meritocratic features or institutions that exist within democracies (that do not result from elections)?
- The appointment of judges or civil servants
- Unlike appointed leaders in China, they however, exercise authority in a limited domain and are meant to be politically neutral.
- The selection of leaders within political parties and America's original conception of the senate and electoral college.
What is King, Pan, and Roberts’s (KPR) collective action problem theory of China’s internal censorship system?
“The target of censorship is people who … seem to have the potential to generate [anti-government] collective action.”
Please name the three traumatic trifecta events that occurred in 1989 that (according to Rush Doshi) pushed China’s leaders to dramatically increase their view of the US as a threat?
The Gulf War
The post-Tiananmen Square massacre embargo
Soviet Collapse
What kind of transformation would we ultimately expect to see in China if the developmental hypothesis/modernization theory was correct?
China’s Democratization
According to Landry Lü & Duan, what are the set of actions in which autocratic leaders maintain their power either by retaining talented technocrats that can advance the economy, or alternatively, retaining loyalists?
Coup proofing
What is a hegemonic discourse?
Name the two factors that (according to Pearson, Rithmire &Tsai) constitute party state capitalism?
(1) "Significant expansion of party-state authority in firms through changes in corporate governance and state-led financial instruments"
(2) "Drawing political 'red lines' to enforce political fealty by various economic actors.”
As Thomas Kellogg and Eric Lai discuss, of the nearly 200 people arrested in Hong Kong after the 2020 national security law, “most arrests … are linked to one of three aims.” Please name these three aims.
12% - punishment of those maintaining foreign contacts,
32% - the dampening of free speech,
38% - or the crackdown on pro-democratic opposition political figures.”
According to Barry Weingast and his colleagues, the hard budget constraint feature of market preserving federalism does not apply to China's central, prefecture, municipal, and country levels because of local control of banks. By contrast to such cases, please name the institution that has been under a hard budget constraint (and that accounted for over 30% of China’s industrial output by 1993).
Township-village enterprises (TVEs)
(Millions of them went bankrupt and were taken over by other TVEs)
Suisheng Zhao emphasizes that the China Model has “a dark side” that comes from the leadership’s emphasis on economic growth at all costs. Name at least 3 elements of this dark side of the China Model.
- Unsustainable growth
- Rampant corruption
- A growing wealth gap
- Environmental destruction
According to Victor Cha and Andy Lim what is the concept of predatory liberalism?
“Leveraging the vulnerabilities of market interdependence to exert power over others in pursuit of political goals”
According to Ezra Vogel, what are five elements of Ye Jianying’s nine-point plan for resolving the Taiwan dispute.
What is the dualist strategy of political selection?
- With their larger data set, Landry Lü & Duan find that China’s leaders select candidates that promote economic growth–but at the lower local, county, and provincial levels
- At the higher levels within the Central Government itself, they make more efforts to promote loyalists and limit disloyal challengers.
- Lower level leaders are seen as less of a direct threat to higher level leaders
According to economists, after the USSR started transitioning to a market based system, corrupt government officials stripped state owned firms of their assets. Name at least two reasons that (according to Jean Oi) local governments in China do not rapaciously steal from local enterprises.