Blockchain 101
Ethereum nodes maintain a record of all transactions and contract states. This specific type of node stores only the latest state, not the full history.
What is a stateless client?
This hypothetical event is often discussed in Ethereum and Bitcoin debates, where Ethereum’s market cap surpasses that of Bitcoin.
What is Flippening
This type of token, introduced as part of Ethereum's decentralized identity ecosystem, is non-transferable and represents unique, permanent attributes like certifications or achievements.
What are Soulbound Tokens?
This refers to removing state from individual nodes if it hasn't been accessed recently.
What is State Expiry?
Ethereum’s transition to Proof of Stake introduced these two key roles for validators in consensus: block proposal and this additional responsibility.
What is attestation?
This toolset allows developers to integrate custom logic into Ethereum's gas pricing via MEV boost strategies.
What are Flashbots?
Ethereum-based DID solutions often use this unique storage method to link off-chain verifiable credentials with on-chain identifiers.
What is decentralized storage (e.g., IPFS or Arweave)?
This common security issue arises when dApps fail to correctly implement private key management, resulting in leaked credentials.
What is Private Key Leakage?
This data structure, introduced in Ethereum’s upcoming upgrades, aims to replace Merkle trees to reduce storage and improve verification times.
What is a Verkle tree?
Ethereum is gearing up for this upgrade in early 2025
What is the Pectra upgrade?
Decentralized identifiers (DIDs) rely on this blockchain principle to allow users to own and control their identities without relying on centralized authorities.
What is self-sovereign identity?
This tool, developed by Consensys, is widely used for analyzing and finding vulnerabilities in Ethereum smart contracts, such as re-entrancy and integer overflows.
What is MythX?
This protocol, used in Ethereum's Proof of Stake system, ensures fairness in block proposal and validator rewards by using pseudo-randomness.
What is RANDAO?
This is the process of combining multiple individual attestations into a single aggregate attestation.
What is Attestations aggregation?
(___) is an EIP that aims to improve the network's transaction fee mechanism by introducing a base fee and a priority fee thus reducing transaction costs for DID updates and attestations.
What is EIP-1559?
In Ethereum staking, Multi-Party Computation (MPC) is leveraged to split validator keys among participants. This specific protocol ensures that no single party has access to the complete key while enabling its collective use for signing blocks.
What is Threshold Signature Scheme (TSS)?
(__) Occur at the start of each epoch and they exist to account for the fact that only a subset of active validators attest in each slot, but all active validators attest across each epoch.
What are checkpoints?
The idea of (___) is to split validators into two roles to mitigate MEV's negative impact.
What is PBS (Proposer-Builder Separation)?
In decentralized identity systems, credentials can be shared selectively using this concept, allowing only specific attributes to be disclosed.
What is selective disclosure?
Ethereum’s Merkle Patricia Trie combines these two cryptographic data structures to allow efficient state verification.
What are a Merkle Tree and a Patricia Trie?