cartilages
name which cartilages are paired and unpaired
unpaired: thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis
paired: corniculates, cuneiform, arytenoids
what is the difference between the laryngeal ventricle and the glottis?
laryngeal ventricle- space between the false and true vocal folds
glottis- space between the true vocal folds
what is the function of cricothyroid?
what is a way to differentiate between the lateral cricoayrtenoid?
PRIMARY tensor
has two heads (pars recta and pars oblique)
what muscle is considered the floor of the oral cavity?
what's is its function?
mylohyoid
elevates the hyoid bone
type of vocal onset involves starting with an exhale BEFORE adduction
breathy
ex. hello
Which structure has superior and inferior cornua?
Which structure has greater and lesser cornua
thyroid has superior and inferior cornua
Hyoid bone has greater and lesser cornua
when referring to the location arytenoid are they on the anterior or posterior commissure?
posterior comissure
TRUE/FALSE
the posterior cricoarytenoid is the only abductor
true- they cause the vocal folds to OPEN
which muscles sit right beneath the tongue?
genioglossus
where does the mucosal wave primarily occur?
the cover of the vocal folds
what landmark on the thyroid cartilage creates the "Adam's apple"
laryngeal prominence
Which two ligaments bind the epiglottis to other structures
Hyoepiglottic ligament
Thyroepiglottic ligament
what are the functions of the thyrovocalis and thyromuscularis?
thyrovocalis is a tensor (more medial)
thyromuscularis (thyroarytenoid is more lateral)
which two muscles have bellies?
digastricus
omohyoid
What pitch can be estimated from a cough and throat clearing
Optimal pitch
where are the cuneiform cartilages located
within the aryepiglottic fold
- lateral margins of the aditus
what provides the union between the hyoid and larynx?
thyroid membrane, medial and lateral thyrohyoid ligament
Name the 5 layers of the vocal folds
which which layers together make up the vocal ligament?
1. squamous epithelium
2. superficial lamina propria
3. intermediate lamina propria
4. Deep lamina propria
5. Thyroarytenoid muscle
Intermediate and Deep lamina propria make up the vocal ligament
which muscle is more superficial out of the following:
omohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
sternohyoid
digastricus
sternohyoid
TRUE/FALSE:
softening of the larynx is a common change in the larynx as people age.
false!
Which two laryngeal cartilages have joints where they articulate to allow for movement?
Thyroid and cricoid
What are the upper and lower portions of the fibroelastic membrane?
What are the superior and inferior borders for each?
Quadrangular membrane
Superior border: aryepiglottic folds
Inferior border: ventricular ligament
Conus Elasticus Membrane
Superior: vocal ligament
Inferior border: cricothyroid ligament
which is not an adductor?
Lateral Cricoayrtenoid
Transverse arytenoid
Thryrovocalis
Oblique ayrtenoid
Thyrovocalis
list the 4 depressors and label the following image
[E.5]
1. sternohyoid
2. omohyoid
3.thyrohyoid
4. sternothyroid
what affects vocal fold intensity?
subglottal pressure
medial compression of vf
duration, speed of vf closure