What is the expansion of the universe? (not motion of galaxies through space, mostly)
100
At 300 million meters per second, this ultimate speed limit for information is independent of observers’ motion.
What is the speed of light?
100
Our Sun will become this type of star when it dies.
What is a White Dwarf?
100
This force holds planets, stars, and galaxies together.
What is gravity?
100
This constellation can be found by looking for a backwards question mark.
What is Leo?
200
We can only see a certain distance out into the universe, and this distance is the same in all directions, for this reason.
What is the finite age of the universe?
200
The change in frequency of a wave based on the observer's motion towards or away from the source.
What is the Doppler shift?
200
The center of a black hole has this size.
What is infinitely small?
200
Gravity, electromagnetism, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear force.
What are the four fundamental forces?
200
Planets and the Sun follow this line in the sky.
What is the Ecliptic?
300
The night sky will look like this in a few billion years.
What is many more stars, as our Milky Way merges with the Andromeda Galaxy?
300
This atomic reaction converts lighter elements into heavier ones.
What is nuclear FUSION?
300
Sunspots have THESE temperatures for THIS reason.
What is COOLER due to high magnetic fields?
300
Most gravitational attraction is provided by this kind of matter.
What is Dark MATTER? (probably more WIMPS than neutrinos)
300
You would switch to this kind of eyepiece on your telescope in order to zoom in.
What is a smaller focal length eyepiece?
400
Dimmer than expected distant supernova reveal that the expansion of the universe recently started this dynamic.
What is accelerating expansion of the universe?
400
Antimatter such as positrons are the negative of matter, such as electrons, in THESE ways.
What are CHARGE and SPIN? (but mass is still positive in antimatter)
400
These dead diamonds in the sky are hot but dim.
What are white dwarfs?
400
The accelerating expansion of the universe is driven by this phenomenon.
What is Dark ENERGY? (which is much weaker than the Casimir effect from virtual particle pair creation)
400
At this latitude, the Sun stands directly overhead exactly one day per year.
What is the Tropic of Cancer or Tropic of Capricorn (23.5 degrees north or south)?
500
This quality of the universe describes the near uniformity of the temperature of the cosmic microwave background in all directions, and the same average number of galaxies in all directions.
What is Isotropy?
500
Motion and gravity make time appear to change in this way.
What is slow down?
500
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
A star the same size as the Sun but twice as hot will emit this much more energy each second.
500
The cosmic microwave background, the flatness of the universe, and the amount of primordial H and He are evidence for this event.
What is the Big Bang?
500
Your binoculars are better than Galileo’s telescope, which proved that Earth is not the center of the universe with THIS observation.
What are Jupiter’s moons (or the phases of Venus)?