Solar System Formation
A molecular gas cloud, where star formation usually occurs (portion of a nebula).
What is an EGG (Evaporating Gas Globule)?
Out of these four quantities, these increased when the solar nebula collapsed. (temperature, rotation rate, size, density)
What are temperature, rotation rate, and density?
If two particles have the same temperature but different masses, this is true about the kinetic energy of the particles.
What is the kinetic energy is the same?
This gas is primarily responsible for absorbing ultraviolet light in our atmosphere.
What is ozone?
This layer contains the ozone layer, as well as the elevation at which a pressurized suit is required to go any further.
What is the stratosphere?
This is the distinctive line between a protostar and a star.
What is fusion of hydrogen into helium?
This is the distinct difference between a planetesimal and a protoplanet.
What is being large enough to have a differentiated interior?
These are the main components of a primary atmosphere.
What are hydrogen and helium?
What wavelength of light is reflected by a planet's surface, and what effect occurs when the heat from this light is trapped by gasses in the atmosphere?
What is infrared light? What is the greenhouse effect?
This is a swirling vortex caused by a low pressure system.
What is a cyclone?
This is the measure of how hard it is to stop an object from rotating.
What is angular momentum?
The reason that the inner disk is hotter than the outer disk in a protoplanetary disk.
What is a higher gravitational potential energy near the center of the collapsing cloud?
Every terrestrial planet has lost its primary atmosphere through this process.
What is Jeans Escape?
This is the loss of atmosphere through interaction of UV light, and is the reason why Earth's atmosphere contains so much nitrogen gas.
What is photodissociation?
This a global convection current caused by the difference in temperatures between both the tropopause/surface of the Earth, and the poles and the equator.
What is Hadley circulation?
When this quantity increases, angular speed decreases.
What is moment of inertia?
This visible object is proof that the protoplanetary disk truly once existed.
What is the scattered disk? (Or zodiacal light? or false dawn?)
These are the two main methods by which secondary atmospheres form.
What are volcanism and deposits from impacts?
Ions orbiting magnetic field lines may be affected in this way by solar wind, if the planet's magnetic field is weak.
What is sputtering, an event where ions are ricocheted into each other, increasing their overall speeds?
We have 6 zonal wind cells on Earth. Does the planet Jupiter have more or less and why?
What is more because of a faster rotation rate?
What is the conservation of energy?
This process is described by the Nice Model of planetary migration as what occurred between Saturn and Jupiter during the early formation of planets, and the ensuing chaos subsequently caused this phenomenon.
What is Grand Tack? What is the Late Heavy Bombardment?
If temperature is held constant, this quantity increases when volume decreases.
What is pressure?
On planets with strong magnetic fields, charged particles are swept away due to polar wind. During which part of this process are charged particles lost?
What is magnetic reconnection?
This effect is what causes objects to be deflected in opposite directions in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres due to Earth being a rotating system.
What is the Coriolis effect?