The Sun's Interior
What are nuclear reactions? (will also accept fusion or proton-proton chain)
What is a brown dwarf?
This is the most common type of star in the universe
What is a red dwarf / M dwarf / M?
Will also accept brown dwarf
This is the type of telescope typically used today, especially in professional settings
According to the wave equation, the speed of light equals the wavelength times this quantity
What is frequency?
This is Einstein's famous equation that we use to convert between matter and energy
What is E=mc2?
This is the property that most strongly determines what a star's spectrum looks like
What is temperature?
This is the type of binary where both stars can be seen through a telescope
What is a visual binary?
This is a property of light that causes it to spread out in a circular wave interference pattern when it enters the telescope
What is diffraction?
This is the effect that below a certain frequency, light will do nothing to a metal, but above the threshold, as you increase light frequency, the speed of ejected electrons increases
What is the photoelectric effect?
This is the force that keeps quarks together
What is the strong force?
This is the spectral type of stars, not including brown dwarfs, that is dominated by molecular absorption lines and bands
What is M?
This is the term/categorization used to distinguish surface gravities of stars in their spectra
What is luminosity class?
This is an expensive way of correcting for seeing in which every millisecond or two, a deformable mirror is set to match the distortions in the atmosphere
What is adaptive optics?
This is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum in which Earth and all life tends to radiate the strongest
What is infrared?
These are particles that do not obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle
What are bosons?
This is how stellar rotation is measured
This is the name of our nearest star system
What is Alpha Centauri?
This is how X-ray telescopes get light toward a focus
What is grazing incidence (light comes in nearly parallel to each mirror and gets reflected at a very small angle)?
Suppose a line that is measured at 100 nm in the lab is observed at 97 nm in gas moving away from a recent supernova. What is the speed of the gas in km/s and is it moving toward or away from us?
The speed of light is 300,000 km/s.
What is 9,000 km/s toward us?
This is how long it typically takes photons to escape from the interior of the Sun to outer space
What is 100,000 to 1,000,000 years?
This is how many times brighter a magnitude 4 star is than a magnitude 24 star
What is 100,000,000?
This is why O stars do not have strong hydrogen lines in their atmospheres
What is completely ionized hydrogen in the atmosphere (no electrons in atoms means no absorption lines)?
This is the focus arrangement most commonly used in professional telescopes
What is Cassegrain?
This is the wavelength of light (in nm) emitted when an electron moves from the 5th to 3rd level in a hydrogen atom
What is 1282.17?