A device that makes distant objects appear to be closer.
What is a telescope.
100
Name the characteristics used to classify stars.
What is color, temperature, size, mass, composition, and absolute brightness.
100
A large cloud of gas and dust spread out in an immense volume is a ___________?
What is a nebula?
100
A star system with two stars is called?
What is a binary star.
100
What is the big bang?
What is 'a giant explosion after which all of the matter in the universe began moving apart.
200
Energy that can travel through space in the form of waves.
What is electromagnetic radiation.
200
What is the difference between apparent brightness and absolute brightness?
What is Apparent brightness is the brightness of a star as seen from Earth. Absolute brightness is the brightness a star would have if it were at 10 pc from Earth.
200
Explain how a star forms from a nebula.
What is 'Gravity pulls some of the gas and dust in the densest part of a nebula together, eventually forming a protostar. When the contracting gas and dust become very dense and hot, nuclear fusion begins and a star is born.
200
Name the main types of galaxies.
What are spiral, elliptical, irregular, and lenticular.
200
Describe two pieces of evidence that support the big bang theory.
What are "hubble's law, the observation that the farther away a galaxy is, the faster it is moving away from Earth, and cosmic background radiation, which is radiation left over from the big bang."
300
This includes the entire range of radiation waves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays.
What is the electromagnetic spectrum.
300
This is the distance that light travels through space in one year.
What is a light year.
300
What factor determines how long a star lives?
What is its mass.
300
Suppose astronomers discover a galaxy that contains only old stars. What type of galaxy is it likely to be?
What is ellipitical.
300
Matter that does not give off electromagnetic radiation is called ?
What is dark matter.
400
Explain how a refracting telescope works?
What is "a refracting telescope uses two convex lenses. The objective lens gathers and focuses the light. The eyepiece lens magnifies the image produced by the objective lens."
400
What two characteristics of stars are shown in an HR diagram?
What is surface temperature and absolute brightness.
400
A star is twice as massive as the sun. Will its lifespan be longer, shorter, or the same as that of the sun?
What is shorter.
400
The sun takes about 220,000,000 years to revolve once around the center of the galaxy. Express this length of time in scientific notation.
What is 2.2 x 10*8
400
What force caused the solar system to form?
What is Gravity pulled the solar nebula together and then pulled most of the gas into the center of the disk, where the gas eventually becaume hot and dense enough for nuclear fusion to begin and form the sun.
500
Would it make sense to placed an X-ray or gamma ray telescope on a mountaintop? Explain
What is "No. X-rays and gamma rays are blocked by Earth's atmosphere, so telescopes to detect these waves must be placed in space."
500
Using the HR diagram on page 132 in your book. What type of star is Procyon B, if this star has a surface temperature of 6,600 degrees C
What is a white dwarf.
500
What will happen to the sun when it runs out of fuel? Explain
What is when the sun runs out of fuel, its outer layers will expland and it will become a red giant. Eventually, the outer layers of the red giant will drift into space and the remaining hot core will be a white dwarf.
500
Explain how astronomers describe the scale of the universe.
What is "they frequently use scientific notation to describe distances and sizes since the number are often very large or very small."
500
What evidence has led scientists to predict that the universe will continue to expand forever?
What is the expansion rate of the universe appears to be increasing.