Anatomy of the Shoulder
Name of the aspect on the humerus where the long head of the biceps brachii tendon rests and the two prominences .
What is the bicipital/intertubercular groove between the lesser and greater tuberosity?
This muscle originates on the supraglenoid tuberosity and coracoid process while it inserts on the radial tuberosity and aponeurosis. Name this muscle and it's actions.
What is the biceps brachii and shoulder FL/ABD and elbow FL?
Name the nine primary movements of the shoulder and six primary movements of the scapula.
What is FL, EXT, ABD, ADD, IR, ER, HABD, HADD, and circumduction? What is elevation, depression, UR, DR, retraction, and protraction?
This term describes a step-off adjacent to the AC joint that can be produced from excessive inferior translation of the glenohumeral joint.
What is a sulcus sign?
Name the shoulder complex joint that is not a "true" joint.
What is the scapulothoracic joint?
Name the four joints that make up the shoulder complex.
What are the acromioclavicular, glenohumeral, sternoclavicular, and scapulothoracic joints?
Name the four rotator cuff muscles and the actions they perform.
What are the supraspinatus (ABD), infraspinatus (ER), teres minor (ER), and subscapularis (IR)?
Name the actions of the deltoid muscles.
What are ABD for all, anterior FL/IR, posterior EXT/ER?
MMT for biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis.
What is biceps brachii = resisted elbow FL w/ wrist supinated, brachialis = resisted elbow FL w/ wrist pronated, brachioradialis = resisted elbow FL w/ wrist neutral (thumb up)?
This is the name for the unique plane of motion present in the shoulder complex that is between the coronal and sagittal planes.
What is the scapular plane?
This joint has six grades of injury and is most often caused by a direct blow to the joint.
What is the acromioclavicular joint?
Name the origins and insertions of the deltoid muscle group.
What is they all insert on the deltoid tuberosity and originate on the lateral 1/3 of clavicle (anterior)/acromion (middle)/spine of scapula (posterior)?
Name the muscles that contribute to actions at the shoulder and the elbow as well as their actions.
What are the biceps brachii (shoulder FL, elbow FL), triceps brachii (shoulder EXT, elbow EXT)?
Name four special tests for AC joint pathology.
What are AC Compression Test, AC Distraction Test, Piano Key Sign, Crossover Maneuver, and AC Laxity Test?
Weakness in this muscle may result in scapular winging (the vertebral/medial border elevates).
What is the serratus anterior?
Name the major ligaments of the shoulder joint (including their components).
What are the coracohumeral, coracoacromial, acromioclavicular (SI), coracoclavicular (trapezoid & conoid), and glenohumeral (SMI) ligaments?
Name the five muscles that contribute to internal rotation of the shoulder.
What are the subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major (sternal head), and anterior deltoid?
Describe scapulohumeral rhythm.
What is the coordinated motion of the scapula and humerus experienced during shoulder movement and motion that has been traditionally viewed as occurring at a ratio of 2:1 (2 degrees of humeral flexion/abduction to 1 degree of scapular upward rotation)?
Name four special tests for rotator cuff pathology.
What is Drop Arm Test, Gerber Lift-Off, Neer Impingement Test, Hawkins-Kennedy Test, and Empty Can Test?
This is the shoulder injury that Maddie is fairly certain she has.
What is thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)?
Name the two proximal attachment points for the long head of the biceps brachii and the long head of the triceps brachii.
What are the supraglenoid tubercle and infraglenoid tubercle?
This muscle originates on the transverse processes of C1-C4 and inserts onto the superior medial angle of the scapula. Name the muscle and it's actions.
What is the levator scapulae and scapular elevation/downward rotation?
Name the four muscles that contribute to scapular upward rotation and three muscles that contribute to scapular downward rotation.
What are the upper trapezius, middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior for upward rotation? What are the levator scapulae, rhomboids, and pectoralis minor for downward rotation?
This test has the patient standing while the examiner puts their distal hand on the patient's elbow and their proximal hand on the patient's proximal humerus. The examiner then applies pressure along the long axis of the humerus while IR and ER the humerus. Name this test and the positive implications.
What is the crank test, positive is pain or clicking indicative of glenoid labrum pathology?
Describe the following injuries and their MOI: Hill-Sachs Lesion, Bankart Lesion, and SLAP Lesion.
What is Hill Sachs Lesion = damage to posterolateral humeral head, Bankart Lesion = anterior-inferior labral avulsion with GH ligament, SLAP Lesion = labral tear, all occur from shoulder subluxation/dislocation?