The Basics
What is the primary role of an EAP (Emergency Action Plan)?
What is to provide a detailed, predetermined framework for managing emergencies?
What is the immediate goal when rescuing a drowning person?
What is to get their face out of the water?
When checking for a pulse on an adult victim, which artery is typically used? and for an infant?
What is the carotid artery? What is the brachial artery?
A victim is experiencing respiratory distress. You are preparing to administer supplemental oxygen using a nasal cannula. What is the appropriate flow rate range (LPM) for this delivery device?
What is 1 to 6 Liters Per Minute (LPM)?
What is the term for minimizing your exposure to infectious materials by using appropriate barriers and following standardized procedures?
What are Standard Precautions?
What does the RID factor stand for?
What is Recognition, Intrusion, and Distraction?
If you suspect a head, neck, or spinal injury, what technique should you use to get the person out of the water
What is extrication using spinal motion restriction?
If a child is unresponsive, not breathing, and has no pulse, what is the compression-to-ventilation ratio for two-rescuer CPR?
What is 15 compressions to 2 ventilations?
When preparing an oxygen tank, what device must be attached to reduce the high pressure of the oxygen before it is delivered to the victim?
What is the regulator (or pressure regulator)?
What two items are required Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for most rescue scenarios involving body fluids?
What are gloves and a resuscitation mask?
List the three steps you must take when performing a rapid assessment of an adult victim who appears unresponsive.
What are: Check for responsiveness, open the airway, and check for breathing and pulse simultaneously (for no more than 10 seconds)?
What are the proper techniques for performing manual in-line stabilization (M.I.S.) on a head, neck, or spinal injury victim in the water?
What is the Head-and-Chin Support and Head-Splint technique?
Name three common signs and symptoms of shock that a victim may exhibit.
What are: Restlessness/Irritability, Altered Consciousness, Pale/Ashen/Cool/Moist Skin, Rapid/Weak Pulse, and Rapid Breathing? (Any three are acceptable)
When administering emergency oxygen, what flow rate (LPM) should a non-rebreather mask be set to?
What is 10 to 15 Liters Per Minute (LPM)?
Describe the three environmental hazards unique to a waterfront facility that lifeguards must constantly monitor.
What are: Weather conditions (lightning/fog), changing water conditions (currents/tides), and bottom conditions (submerged hazards/slopes/drop-offs)?
You are the only rescuer for an infant victim who is unresponsive, not breathing, and has no pulse. What is the compression-to-ventilation ratio and the depth of compressions?
What is a ratio of 30 compressions to 2 ventilations, and compressions should be about 1.5 inches deep?
What technique is used to remove a person who is unable to exit the water on their own?
What is Rapid Extrication?
What is the purpose of the Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM) Resuscitator, and when should it ideally be used?
What is to deliver high concentrations of oxygen, and it should be used when two or more rescuers are available for ventilations?
When assisting a victim with an asthma inhaler, what steps must you take to ensure the medication is properly administered?
What are: Check the prescription/expiration date and ensure the victim exhales first and then slowly and deeply inhales as they depress the inhaler?
What is a common waterfront-specific rescue technique used to rescue a victim who is submerged or non-responsive in deeper water, typically involving a rescue tube?
What is the Passive Submerged Deep Water Rescue?
What are the 3 types of coverage and describe each one?
What is total coverage (1 guard covers the whole pool), zone coverage (the pool is divided into multiple zones and 1 guard covers each zone), and emergency back-up coverage (multiple guards are on surveillance, 1 guard enters the water to perform a rescue and the remaining guards out of the water take over the surveillance responsibilities of the rescuing guard).
Describe the proper technique and final steps for a Spinal Backboarding procedure, including the roles of the primary rescuer and the secondary rescuer.
What is: The primary rescuer performs Manual in-line stabilization using the head splint technique and keeps the head above water while bringing the victim to the wall, the secondary rescuer positions the board and takes over the head splint, then the primary rescuer secures the chest with the strap and retakes control of manual in-line stabilization using the head chin support technique, then the secondary rescuer lowers the victims arms and secures the head blocks and strap?
When using a BVM with two rescuers, what is the technique the primary rescuer uses to seal the mask? Describe it.
What is the Jaw-Thrust with Head Extension by forming an "E" with the last three fingers under the jaw and a "C" with the thumb and index finger over the mask?
Where on the body is the epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen) administered, how long must the injection be held in place, and what should you do immediately after?
What is in the mid-outer thigh (muscle), hold for 3 seconds, massage for 10 seconds, note the time, and any change in their condition?
After a large cleanup of blood and body fluids, what should be used to disinfect the area and describe the appropriate clean-up procedure?
What is a 10% bleach solution and put on PPE, remove any sharp objects if present using tongs and dispose of them in biohazard sharps container, wipe up the spill using disposable towels and dispose of them in biohazard container, spray bleach solution and let stand for at least 10 minutes, finally dispose all soiled materials, including PPE, in biohazard container.