Athens vs Sparta
Spartan state-owned serfs who farmed for citizens.
Helots
The two main rivals in this war.
Athens vs. Sparta
Spartan king at Thermopylae.
Leonidas
The reason Alexander stopped conquering.
Pressure from his soldiers
This battle was a surprising Athenian victory against the Persians early in the Persian Wars.
Marathon
The helot system pushed Sparta toward this kind of society.
Highly militarized / military society
What killed Pericles
Plague in Athens
Persian king who invaded Greece in 480 BCE.
Xerxes
His empire stretched from Greece to this distant region.
India
This naval battle, led by Themistocles, was the turning point of the Persian Wars.
Battle of Salamis
Women in this city-state could own land, received physical training, and had more independence than their counterparts elsewhere in Greece.
Athenian campaign that ended in catastrophe.
Sicilian Expedition
Athenian leader who defected to Sparta during the war.
Alcibiades
The blended culture that spread after his conquests.
Hellenistic culture
This battle ended the Persian Wars with a decisive Greek victory.
Battle of Plataea
Which polis focused on military training from youth?
Sparta
The ultimate result of the war.
Spartan victory; Athens defeated
Macedonian king who conquered Greece in 338 BCE
Philip II
Alexander the Great died suddenly in this city, leaving his empire without a clear successor.
Babylon
This long conflict between Athens and Sparta ended in Spartan victory.
Peloponnesian War
Because of this city-state’s access to the sea, it became a center for trade and built a powerful navy.
Athens
After the war, this kingdom conquered the weakened Greek world in 338 BCE
Macedon / Philip II
Philosopher who tutored Alexander.
Aristotle
The three main successors who divided the empire after Alexander’s death.
Ptolemy (Egypt), Seleucus (Persia/Mesopotamia), and Antigonus (Macedonia/Greek homeland)
This northern kingdom took advantage of the weakened city-states and conquered Greece.
Macedon / Philip II