EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE
What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?
What is nitrogen?
Which of Earth's systems has layers?
Atmosphere
Name each of Earth's systems and specify what each one pertains to.
Geosphere - rocks, sediment, soil
Biosphere - living organisms
Atmosphere - air
Hydrosphere - liquid water
Cryosphere - frozen water
What does atmospheric pressure mean?
The pressure the atmosphere exerts due to its weight
List the steps of the scientific method. What does the last step allow scientists to do with their hypothesis/prediction.
Observe, hypothesis/prediction, experiment, analyze data, conclusion - accept or reject.
What gas makes up 21% of the atmosphere?
Oxygen
The ozone layer is located where? What does Ozone do?
Stratosphere - absorbs harmful UV rays from the sun
Community of living organisms that have adapted to living in a certain climate or environment (Ecosystem).
Does atmospheric pressure change? If so, why?
Yes, because the weight of the atmosphere depends on where in the atmosphere you are.
What does bias mean?
An unfair judgement/conclusion based on personal opinion or feelings
What gas contributes to global warming?
Carbon Dioxide
What is the name of the hottest layer of the atmosphere? Why is it so hot?
Thermosphere - because it is closest to the sun and takes in most of its energy
What does interact mean? How does this term apply to Earth's systems?
When one object or person's actions impact another object or person. Because Earth's systems impact each other
What is altitude? What is it based on?
The vertical height of an object that is based on the sea level.
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred or transformed.
Insulate, regulate
The heaviest layer of the atmosphere. Why is it so heavy?
Troposphere - because the weight of all of the other layers of the atmosphere are weighing down on it.
This is the coldest layer of the atmosphere. What does the layer protect Earth's surface from?
Mesosphere - meteors and asteroids
Thin air, decreased atmospheric pressure
What are Newton's 3 Laws of Motion
An object at rest/in motion will stay at rest/in motion until an outside force acts upon it.
Force = Mass x Acceleration
For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction
List 5 things the atmosphere does for the Earth
1. Regulates climate/weather
2. Maintains the water cycle
3. Protects from asteroids and meteors
4. Protects from harmful UV rays
5. Provides air for living organisms
Which layer of the atmosphere do the Northern and Southern Lights occur in? What layer of the atmosphere does this layer belong to?
Ionosphere - the Thermosphere
Give an example of ALL 5 of Earth's systems interacting
Explain the relationship between altitude and atmospheric pressure.
As altitude increases, atmospheric pressure decreases. As altitude decreases, atmospheric pressure increases.
List the 4 steps of the rock cycle in order
Magma erupts from a volcano and turns into lava. Lava cools and becomes igneous rock
Igneous rock goes thru weathering, erosion, and deposition
Sedimentary rock forms and becomes heavy then sinks
Heat and pressure cause the sedimentary rock to become metamorphic rock