Atomic Structure
This subatomic particle has a positive charge and is located in the nucleus
A proton
These are the four main blocks on the periodic table that correspond to electron sublevels.
s, p, d, and f blocks
True or False: We are able to locate an electron's exact position at any given time.
False
This subatomic particle differs in number between isotopes of the same element
neutrons
In the current accepted model of the atom, electrons are located in this region
electron cloud (or orbitals/energy levels)
This part of the atom contains most of its mass but takes up very little space.
The nucleus
This is the maximum number of electrons that can fit in an S sublevel.
2
This scientist discovered that atoms are mostly empty space, with a dense positively charged nucleus
Ernest Rutherford
This characteristic differs between isotopes of the same element: mass, charge, or number of protons
mass
These electrons are found in the outermost energy level of an atom and determine its chemical properties
valence electrons
These subatomic particles are so small that they are not typically included in atomic mass calculations
electrons
This is the complete electron configuration for phosphorus
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p³
This scientist thought that atoms were tiny solid balls that could not be split
Democritus
If an atom has an unequal number of protons and electrons, giving it a charge, it is called this
an ion
When an electron falls from a higher to a lower energy level, it releases this 'packet of energy' that varies in color and energy.
photon
If all electrons were removed from an atom, this would happen to its charge.
It would become positively charged
This is the noble gas configuration for Chlorine
[Ne]3s²3p5
This scientist thought that atoms are a positively charged substance with negatively charged particles scattered about. He is credited with discovering electrons
J.J. Thomson
An atom of chlorine has 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 17 electrons. Another atom of chlorine has 17 protons, 20 neutrons, and 17 electrons. What are they in relation to each other, and how do you know?
They are isotopes. Different # of neutrons
Why does each element have a unique line emission spectrum?
Each element has a unique electron configuration
If an atom has a mass of 23 amu and 11 protons, this is the number of neutrons it contains.
12
This is the electron configuration for Calcium
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²
These five scientists, in chronological order, contributed to the development of atomic theory.
Democritus, Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr
A sodium atom loses one electron. Describe what happens to its charge and the number of protons
it becomes positively charged (+1)
the number of protons stays the same (11)
An element has the electron configuration 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁵. This is the number of valence electrons it has
7