Energy & orbitals
Max Planck stated that matter can emit/absorb energy only in whole number multiples, this give rise to the idea of energy being________
quantized
The symbol Ml is associated with which quantum number?
magnetic quantum number
Give the noble gas core electron configuration for Bismuth (Bi)
[Xe] 6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p3
Arrange the following in increasing atomic size; Mg, Li, F
F, Li, Mg
What are line spectra?
Light from elements that, when separated with a prism, produces only discrete lines of color and not the full "rainbow".
What is the mathematical restrictions for the angular momentum quantum number?
0......(n-1)
What are degenerate orbitals?
any orbitals with the same energy level
What is the normal trend for ionization energy?
Increases from left to right and from the bottom to the top.
Name one idea from the Bohr model that still apply today in our understanding of orbitals.
1) discrete energy levels (quantum numbers)
2) energy gain/released when moving between levels
What can you learn from the value of the angular momentum quantum number?
shape if the orbitals (s, p, d, f)
What is the number of valence electrons in the Hf2+-ion?
10
Which element has the lowest (most negative) electron affinity and why? C or N
C - because adding an electron to N will result in the first p-orbital pairing of electrons, thus repulsion and increase of energy.
What is the basic idea of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?
location and momentum of electron not known at the same time.
What are the values for the four quantum numbers for the 90th electron?
n = 5
l = 3
ml = +2 or -2
ms = +1/2
Which quantum number can best be used to explain Pauli,s exclusion principle?
Spin quantum number (+1/2 or -1/2) = only two electrons per orbital and with opposite spin
What is the Zeff for the 4S electron on Selenium?
6.95
Zeff = Z - S
= 34 - [(5x0.35) + (18x0.85) + (10x1)]
= 34 - 27.05 = 6.95