Isotopes
An element that has the same number of protons (and thus the same atomic number) but a different number of neutrons.
What is an isotope?
This leftover effect is the largest piece of evidence in support of the Big Bang Theory.
What is Cosmic Background Radiation?
This term is used to describe the amount of time that it takes for one half of all of the nuclei in a sample of a certain isotope to decay.
What is a half-life?
Positively charged particles, that are stopped by a sheet of paper.
What are alpha particles?
This negatively charged particle can be found spinning around the outskirts of the atom. How lonely!
What is the electron?
Daily Double: The mass of an atom of an element is called this.
What is the Atomic Mass Number?
The two elements created as a result of the big bang.
What are hydrogen and helium?
the spontaneous emission of particles or energy from an unstable nucleus
What is radioactivity?
The Gold Foil experiment lead to the discovery of this atomic model.
What is the nuclear model? (or the nucleus)
Protons and neutrons can be found in this dense place at the center of the atom, which is about 20,000 times smaller than the atom as a whole.
What is the Nucleus?
Neon-21 has this many neutrons.
What is 11?
The theory that the universe originated in a huge explosion that released all matter and energy.
What is the Big Bang Theory?
Daily Double: Beta Rays are made up of these subatomic particles.
What are electrons?
The electromagnetic radiation left over from the big bang
Cosmic Background Radiation
Daily Double: The charge of a proton or electron (1.6*10^-19) is represented by this lowercase letter.
What is e?
Xe-131 has this atomic number.
What is 54?
Any element larger than Iron can only be naturally created by this cataclysmic event.
What is a supernova?
If I have 800g of an isotope with a half life of 10 minutes, I would have this much after 30 minutes.
What is 100g?
Creation of energy by joining the nuclei of two hydrogen atoms to form helium.
What is Fusion?
# of protons + # of neutrons
What the atomic mass?
Boron has two isotopes: B-10, with an abundance of 19.9%, and B-11, with an abundance of 80.1%. Based upon this information, the average atomic mass for Boron is this number.
10.801
Small Stars, like Earth's sun, are capable of turning Hydrogen into Helium through this process, which uses heat and pressure to create larger elements from smaller ones.
What is Nuclear Fusion?
This type of radioactive ray is made up of neutral charge high energy light waves, and can only be stopped by several meters of lead (Pb).
What are Gamma Rays?
J.J Thomsons model of an atom, in which he thought electrons were randomly distributed within a positively charged cloud
What is the plum pudding model?
an electron particle with the charge of -1, stopped by a sheet of aluminum
What are beta particles?