1
What is the name of the positively charged subatomic particle?
Proton
What is the name of the negatively charged subatomic particle?
Electron
What charge does a neutron have?
Neutral electric charge/0/no charge
How many protons does lithium contain?
3
The atomic number
How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?
Atomic Mass - Atomic number (# of protons)
How many electrons can the first energy level (shell) of an atom hold?
2
How many electrons can the second and third energy level (shell) of an atom hold?
8
Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table belong to the same _______.
Group
Elements in the same row of the periodic table belong to the same _______.
What are isotopes?
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Elements in the same group of the periodic table tend to have similar _______ properties.
Chemical
What are valence electrons?
Electrons that located in the outermost electron shell of an atom
How many valence electrons does carbon have?
4
What determines an atom's reactivity?
The number of valence electrons
If an atom has fewer valence electrons, are they more likely to lose or gain electrons to become stable?
What are some characteristics of metals?
lustrous, malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity
Carbon-14 is an example of what?
An isotope
If an atom gains electrons due to have more valence electrons, what happens to the overall charge of the atom?
It becomes negatively charged, forming an anion
Draw an atom of oxygen.
8 protons
8 neutrons
8 electrons
2 electron shells (2,6)
Draw an atom of Phosphorus
15 protons
16 neutrons
15 electrons
3 electron shells (2,8,5)
What group is the most reactive?
Group 1/Alkali Earth Metals
What is special about noble gases?
Full outer electron shells - stable/non-reactive
This Russian chemist is best known for developing the periodic table of elements in the late 19th century, arranging elements by increasing atomic mass and predicting the properties of undiscovered elements.
Dmitri Mendeleev
Niels Bohr (Bohr's Model with addition of James Chadwick's neutrons)