Structure of the Atom
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What are the three main particles that make up an atom?
+1
What is the charge of a proton?
Number of protons
What does the atomic number represent?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
What are isotopes?
Proton
Which particle determines the element’s identity?
In the nucleus
Where in the atom are protons and neutrons found?
Nearly 0
What is the relative mass of an electron?
Total number of protons + neutrons
What is the mass number?
The same chemical properties
Do isotopes have the same or different chemical properties?
Relative atomic mass
What does “Ar” stand for?
Electron
Which particle orbits the nucleus in shells?
Neutron
Which subatomic particle has no charge?
Z = 6, A = 12
What are the atomic number and mass number of carbon?
Carbon-14 has two more neutrons
What is the difference between Carbon-12 and Carbon-14?
An atom that has lost or gained electrons
What is an ion
1 proton, 0 neutrons, 1 electron
What is the atomic structure of hydrogen?
Protons and neutrons
Which two particles contribute most to the atom’s mass?
11 protons, 12 neutrons
Sodium (²³Na) has how many protons and neutrons?
What is the difference between Carbon-12 and Carbon-14?
Why is the relative atomic mass of chlorine 35.5?
Used for tracing, dating, and medical imaging
Why are isotopes important in science?
8 protons, 8 neutrons, 8 electrons
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does oxygen have?
Their mass is extremely small compared to protons and neutrons
Why do electrons not affect the mass number?
Neutrons = A – Z
What formula represents the relationship between mass number and neutrons?
Used in medicine, carbon dating, or nuclear energy
Name one use of isotopes.
Electrostatic attraction between protons and electrons
What keeps electrons moving around the nucleus?