Atoms
Periodic Table
Ion, Atom, or Isotope?
Chemical Equations
Rates of reaction
100
What is an atom?
An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains all the properties of whichever element it is.
100
Which group on the periodic table goes by the name "alkali metals"
Group 1
100
What is an ion?
An ion is an atom that is no longer neutral because it has lost or gained one or more electrons.
100
What were the reactants in yesterday's lab?
Mg ribbon and vinegar
100
What are three ways you can change the rate of reaction? Will these changes increase or decrease reaction rate?
Possible answers: Speed up reaction rate: Increase temperature, increase surface area, increase concentration, add a catalyst. Slow down reaction rate: Decrease temperature, decrease surface area, decrease concentration, add an inhibitor.
200
What is the difference between a neutral atom and an ion?
A neutral atom has the same number of protons and electrons. An ion has either gained or lost one or more electron(s).
200
The elements in this group are stable. 1. Group # - ______________________ 2. Group name - ___________________
1. Group 18 2. Noble Gases
200
An atom has the following: atomic number: 17 atomic mass: 35 18 electrons in the electron cloud. *Is this a neutral atom, an ion, or an isotope? Explain.*
An isotope is an atom of a given element that has a different number of neutrons in it's nucleus.
200
Is this chemical equation balanced? How did you know? 3NH + H20 --------> 2H20 + N2
No - there is a different number of atoms on both sides of the equation.
200
My car is rusting. Is rusting an example of a chemical reaction?
Yes. Rusting happens when iron, oxygen, and water combine to create iron oxide.
300
If an atom gains 3 electrons to become stable wukk ut become a positively or negatively charged ion?
If an atom gains three electrons it becomes a negatively charge ion. (More negative subatomic particles than positive subatomic particles!)
300
Potassium (K) has a total of 19 electrons. How many electrons does potassium have in it's outer energy level?
Because potassium is in group 1 on the periodic table we know it has 1 electron in it's outer energy level.
300
When atoms of elements in group 17 form bonds with metals do they gain or lose electrons? Do they form positive or negative ions?
Group 17 elements are nonmetals. When they bond with a metal they gain 1 electron and form an ionic bond with the metal element. The group 17 atom is now an ion with a negative charge.
300
The stuff we start with when doing an experiment or at the beginning of a chemical reaction is called what?
Reactants
300
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts for chemical reactions in our bodies. They are essential for speeding up chemical reactions in our bodies.
400
Is a atom with 7 electrons in its outer shell stable? Explain.
An atom with 7 electrons in its outer shell is not stable. In order to be stable, an atom needs to have a full outer shell OR it has to have 8 electrons in it's outer shell.
400
The elements in group 2, known as the alkaline earth metals, often form bonds with which group on the periodic table and why? What type of chemical bond is formed?
Group 16 (the chalcogens, aka: the oxygen family). The elements in group 2 need to LOSE 2 electrons to become stable and the elements in group 16 need to GAIN 2 electrons to be stable. Chemical bond formed = Ionic bond
400
What happens if I change the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom? Will I end up with an ion, an isotope, or a different element all together? Explain.
If I change the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom (which is not possible) I will end up with a different element all together. H = 1 proton; add 1 proton and you end up with He! Two VERY different elements with different characteristics.
400
Why can't we change the subscripts when we are trying to balance a chemical equation? I mean, come on! It would make things so much easier!
If you change the subscript you change the substance. You don't want to change the substance you just want to change the AMOUNT of that substance.
400
Does EVERY chemical reaction need activation energy??
Yes - no matter what type of reaction you have their is always some amount of activation energy needed.
500
Draw a EDD for the following elements: K Xe C H He Circle the stable elements.
Xe - is stable because it has 8 electrons in its outer shell. He - is stable because it has a full outer shell.
500
Draw a Venn Diagram to compare and contrast covalent and ionic bonds
Ionic bonds: metal bonding with nonmetal, gaining/losing electrons, formed by ions. Covalent bonds: nonmetal bonding with nonmetal, atoms are sharing their valence electrons, creates pure substance called a molecule. Both: Types of chemical bonds, forms stable substances, substances created are called compounds.
500
Draw a picture of Ne.
Atomic number = 10 Atomic mass = 20 There are 10 protons p+ in the nucleus There are 10 neutrons n in the nucleus There are 10 electrons e- around the nucleus
500
Are the products more or less stable than the reactants during an exothermic reaction?
The products are more stable. As a result there is extra energy that needs to be released at the end of the reaction.
500
Give an example of a chemical reaction that has a slow rate of reaction and a chemical reaction with a fast rate of reaction.
Answers will vary.
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