Chemical Bonding
What two types of elements are required for an ionic bond?
The atomic number tells how many _________ are in a atom of the element.
protons
The layer of electrons arranged the nucleus of the atom.
electron shells
Alkali metals are __________ in Group 1 that produce alkalis when they react with water.
Metals
A lot of the _____ _________ that plants take from the air eventually goes back into the air again when plants and animals respire.
carbon dioxide
What is the electronic structure of Magnesium?
[2,8,2]
The mass number tells how many protons and _____________ are in an atom.
neutrons
The arrangement of the electrons in the shells or levels around the nucleus of the atom.
electronic structure
The elements found in Group 7 of the periodic table are called ____________.
halogens
The pathway by which carbon atoms go between organism and the environment.
the carbon cycle
When an atom loses electrons, it will always have a positive charge.
A magnesium ion that loses two electrons will have a charge of +2.
The periodic table is arranged in groups that are similar. Are the groups arranged by row or column? Rows are horizontal
Columns are vertical
Groups are arranged by columns
Forces of attraction between particles with opposite electrical charges.
electrostatic forces
The elements found in Group 8 of the periodic table are called the _______ __________.
Noble gases
Water combines with carbon dioxide, inside ___________, to make glucose and oxygen
chloroplasts
How many ions of chlorine react with one ion of calcium to to form calcium chloride?
Calcium loses two electrons, becoming a +2 ion. Each of the two chlorine atoms gains one of these electrons, making them each a −1 ion.
There are 2 ions of chlorine require to react with one ion of calcium to make calcium chloride
Alkali metals
The layers of shells of electrons around the nucleus of the atom are referred to as being at different energy levels.
energy levels
A __________ in the periodic table is a row of chemical elements.
period
Plants contain long tubes, called _______, which transport water from the roots up to the leaves
xylem
What is the difference between a ionic and covalent bond?
Ionic bonds are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons
Covalent bonds are when atoms share electrons to fill their outer shell
The elements __________ in mass as you progress from left to right on the periodic table.
increase
How many electrons are in an atom of carbon?
6
The third period contains eight elements: sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, and argon.
Among these, three are metals (sodium, magnesium, aluminum), four are nonmetals (phosphorous, sulfur, chlorine, argon) and one is metalloid (silicon).
When non-metals form compounds with other non-metals they do so by _______ electrons to fill their outermost shells.
What kind of bond is this called?
sharing
covalent bond