Periodic Table
The vertical columns on the periodic table
groups
Democritus said that elements are not earth, wind water and fire. He stated everything was made of "atomos". The first declaration of small particles that make up matter. What does the name "atomos" mean? (this is where the name atom comes from)
indivisible or indestructible
What does the atomic number tell you?
proton #
Bohr models show how electrons fit into their ________.
Oribitals / shells / energy levels
What is the difference between carbon -12 and carbon -14?
carbon-14 and carbon-12 are isotopes of each other and carbon-14 has an extra two neutrons.
This type of elements is a bridge between metals and non metals
metalloids
What did Rutherford discover?
protons and the nucleus
what two particles equal mass and where are they located?
proton + neutron in the nucleus
what 2 rules must be considered when making Bohr models?
Octet and Duet rule
If I wanted to make oxygen an ion with a minus 2 charge, what would I change?
add 2 electrons
What are the horizontal rows called and what do they tell you?
Periods ... they indicate the orbital number
Bohr helped discover that electrons travel in these.
orbitals or energy levels
What is the definition of an ion?
An atom with the same number of protons and different number of electrons.. atom with a charge.
What 3 numbers from the periodic table can you use to draw a Bohr model?
Atomic #, Group #, and Period #.
What are all the parts of an atom of Silver with the symbol Ag-107 +1 charge
47 protons - 60 neutrons - 46 electrons
What are the two most reactive groups on the periodic table?
Alkali metals and Halogens
What was JJ Thomson's experiment, what did it discover, and what was the name of his model?
Cathode ray tube, the electron, and his model was the Chocolate chip cookie model (also plum pudding)
How many protons and electrons does an atom of sulfur with a negative 2 charge have?
16 protons and 18 electrons
Using a whiteboard under your desk, draw the bohr model for an oxygen ATOM
see teacher
How can one tell how many "valence electrons" are in the outer shell of an atom?
group #
What specifically makes all of the groups have the same properties?
Valence electron number
Name 4 parts to daltons atomic theory?
1. All elements are made of atoms
2. Atoms are indestructible
3. Compounds are made of a combo of atoms
4. Reactions are a rearrangement of atoms
5. Atoms of an element are identical
6. Atoms of different elements are different in size
Boron's average atomic mass is 10.8 amu. What are it's most likely two isotopes, and which one is more abundant? how can you tell?
10 and 11 are probably the 2 isotopes since its weight falls in between those two numbers. 11 is more common because the average is closer to that number.
Using a whiteboard draw the Bohr model of a Phosphorus atom
see teacher
What are the 3 MAIN "types" of elements on the periodic table? (not organized in groups) and a property for each.
Metals - a solid, high density, good conductor of electricity
Metalloid - brittle solid, poor conductor of heat and electricity
Non metal- gases, solids, or liquids, dull, can be non reactive or very reactive