History of the Atom
Subatomic Particles
Average Atomic Number/Isotopes/ Mass Number
Electromagnetic Spectrum/Scientific Notation
Miscellaneous
100
The gold foil experiment led to the conclusion that each atom in the foil was composed mostly of empty space because most alpha particles directed at the foil
A) passed through the foil
B) remained trapped in the foil
C) were deflected by the nuclei in gold atoms
D) were deflected by the electrons in gold atoms
A) passed through the foil
100
Compared to the charge of a proton, the charge of an electron has
(1) a greater magnitude and the same sign
(2) a greater magnitude and the opposite sign
(3) the same magnitude and the same sign
(4) the same magnitude and the opposite sign
(4) the same magnitude and the opposite sign
100
The atomic mass of iron (Fe) is 56.847 atomic mass units. The atomic mass represents the
1) Total mass of all the protons and neutrons in an atom of Fe
2) Total mass of all the protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom of Fe
3) Weighted average mass of the most abundant isotope of Fe
4) Weighted average mass of all the naturally occurring isotopes of Fe
4) Weighted average mass of all the naturally occurring isotopes of Fe
100
Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?
Radio waves
100
Write an electron configuration that represents an atom of Al in an excited state
Ground state = 2-8-3
Excited state = 2-7-4
200
Which group of atomic models is listed in historical order from the earliest to the most recent?
1) hard-sphere model, wave-mechanical model, electron-shell model
2) hard-sphere model, electron-shell model, wave-mechanical model
3) electron-shell model, wave-mechanical model, hard-sphere model
4) electron-shell model, hard-sphere model, wave-mechanical model
2) hard-sphere model, electron-shell model, wave-mechanical model
200
How many neutrons are in phosphorous-31 ?
31 - 15 = 16 neutrons
200
Double Jeopardy!
Which of the following represent isotopes of sodium?
22Na and 23 Na
200
Express 50,000,000,000 in scientific notation.
5 x 1010
200
Double Jeopardy!
Compare the number of valence electrons in an atom of gallium to the number of valence electrons in an atom of arsenic. [1]
Gallium = 3 valence electrons
Arsenic = 5 valence electrons
300
According to the wave-mechanical model of the atom, electrons in an atom
(1) travel in defined circles
(2) are most likely found in an excited state
(3) have a positive charge
(4) are located in orbitals outside the nucleus
4. are located in orbitals outside the nucleus
300
All phosphorus atoms have the same
(1) atomic number
(2) mass number
(3) number of neutrons plus the number of electrons
(4) number of neutrons plus the number of protons
(1) atomic number
300
Strontium and barium have similar chemical properties because atoms of these elements have the same number of ______________
Valence Electrons
300
Why do different metals produce different flame colors?
Explain in terms of electrons, energy, ground state, excited state
electrons release different amounts of energy as they return to the ground state, producing light of specific wavelengths --> different colors!
300
Double Jeopardy!
Which statement explains why Group 18 elements are stable and unreactive?
(1) They are all gases
(2) They have low melting points.
(3) Their valence electron shell has reached full outermost electrons.
(4) They have high ionization energies
(3) Their valence electron shell has reached full outermost electrons.
400
In Rutherford's gold foil experiments, some alpha particles were deflected from their original paths but most passed through the foil with no deflection. Which statement about gold atoms is supported by these experimental observations?
(1) Gold atoms consist mostly of empty space.
(2) Gold atoms are similar to alpha particles.
(3) Alpha particles and gold nuclei have opposite charges.
(4) Alpha particles are more dense than gold atoms.
(1) Gold atoms consist mostly of empty space.
400
What is the charge of the nucleus of an boron atom?
+5
400
Show a numerical setup to calculate the average atomic mass for isotopes of Bromine
(78.92 u * 0.5069) + (80.92 u * 0.4931)
400
Why does ultraviolet light cause more damage to skin than visible light?
Explain in terms of frequency and energy
higher frequency and more energy, which can break molecular bonds in skin cells
400
During a flame test, a strontium salt produces a characteristic red flame. This red color is produced when electrons in excited strontium atoms
A) are lost by the atoms
B) are gained by the atoms
C) return to lower energy states within the atoms
D) move to higher energy states within the atoms
C) return to lower energy states within the atoms
500
Describe the electrons in an atom of carbon in the ground state. Your response must include:
• the charge of an electron
• the location of electrons based on the wave-mechanical model
• the total number of electrons in a carbon atom
charge of an electron = negative
Location = orbitals
Total number of electrons = 6
500
Explain, in terms of subatomic particles, why a xenon atom is electrically neutral
# of protons = # of electrons
500
Explain in terms of subatomic particles, why Al-27 and Al-30 are isotopes.
Al-27 and Al-30 have the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons.
500
Given scientific notation: 3.2 × 10-4
Convert to standard notation!
0.00032
500
How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in an atom of Mg-24?
protons = 12
neutrons = 24 - 12 = 12
electrons = 12