Atomic Structure
What is the center of the atom called?
The nucleus is the centre of the atom, and contains both the protons and neutrons.
The atomic number of an atom is the number of ______ in the atom's nucleus.
Protons
How fast do electrons move?
Close to the speed of light.
What is melting?
Adding temperature to go from solid to liquid.
Where do chemical reactions occur?
You may think that chemical reactions only happen in science labs, but they are actually happening all the time in the everyday world. Every time you eat, your body uses chemical reactions to break down your food into energy.
What is the charge of an electron?
Electrons are negatively charged sub-atomic particles. The particle with one positive charge is the proton.
Elements in the same column of the Periodic Table have what in common?
The same number of electrons in the outermost shell.
Which two subatomic particles are found in the NUCLEUS of at atom?
Protons & nuetrons
What is Evaporation?
Adding temperature to go from liquid to gas.
What are reagents, reactants, and products?
Reactants and reagents are the substances that are used to bring about the chemical reaction. A reactant is any substance that is consumed or used up during the reaction. The substance that is produced by a chemical reaction is called the product.
If atoms contain charged particles, why do they not have a charge?
Atoms are neutral because they have equal numbers of protons (positive charges) as electrons (negative charges). Neutrons have no charge, and many atoms have different numbers of protons than neutrons.
What are the horizontal rows of the Periodic Table called?
Periods
What type of subatomic particles are found in the cloud?
Electrons
What is condensation?
Losing temperature from gas to liquid.
What is the substance produced by a chemical reaction called?
Product
What is the atomic number of an atom equal to?
The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
What family of elements is in the right-most column of the Periodic Table?
Which type of subatomic particles have the LEAST amount of mass?
Electron
Losing temperature to go from liquid to solid.
Freezing.
What is a substance that is used up during a chemical reaction called?
Reactant
Where are the electrons inside an atom?
Inside an atom, the electrons orbit around the nucleus and are arranged into energy levels.
What family of elements is in the left-most column of the Periodic Table?
Alkali metals
How many electrons fit in each shell around an atom?
Electron Capacity = 2n2
Losing or gaining temperature, from solid to gas or gas to solid.
Sublimation
What kind of chemical reaction involves oxygen and another substance producing water and carbon dioxide?
Combustion