Structure of the Atom
What is a Proton?
A proton has a +1 charge; in the nucleus; and has a mass of 1 amu
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in Carbon? (This is a neutral atom)
Protons = 6
Neutrons = 6
Electrons = 6
Nonmetals are found to the _____ of the zigzag line on the Periodic Table.
Nonmetals are found to the RIGHT of the zigzag line on the Periodic Table.
What are columns commonly called?
Columns are also called families. There are 18 families, and the elements share similar chemical properties.
A covalent bond is formed when electrons are shared. (They are two non-metals)
A neutron has a mass of 1 amu; in the nucleus; and they have no charge.
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the ion Cl-1 (mass number: 35)
Protons = 17
Neutrons = 18
Electrons = 18
What are two physical properties that can seperate the three types of metals?
- Luster (ability to reflect light)
- Conductivity (ability to conduct electricity)
- Malleability (ability to be hammered into sheets without breaking)
- Ductility (ability to be pulled into a thin wire)
Rows are called periods. There are 7 periods, and all the elements have the same number of atomic orbitals.
What is an ionic bond?
Ionic bonds are formed when a positive and negative are joined together. The positive part is metals and the negative part is nonmetals.
What is an Electron?
An electron has a -1 charge; orbits the nucleus; and virtually has no mass.
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the isotope Carbon-14?
Protons = 6
Neutrons = 8
Electrons = 6
Metals are found to the _____ of the zigzag line on the Periodic Table.
How many rings and outer electrons would an element have if it was in period 4, group 2?
It would have 4 rings, and 2 electrons on the outer shell.
What are valence electrons used for?
Valence electrons are responsible for bonding.
What is the Nucleus?
The nucleus is where protons and neutrons are stored. It is in the center of an atom.
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the ion Na+1 (mass number: 23)?
Protons = 11
Neutrons = 12
Electrons = 10
Metalloids share properties of both ______ and ________. For example, they may have a shiny luster but be poor conductors and brittle.
Metalloids share properties of both METALS and NONMETALS. For example, they may have a shiny luster but be poor conductors and brittle.
True or False: The atomic number is found in the upper left corner on the Periodic Table.
True.
What groups want to lose electrons?
Any type of metal wants to get rid of electrons.
What is the Atomic Number?
The atomic number is determined based on the number of protons in an atom.
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the neutral atom Oxygen?
Protons = 8
Neutrons = 8
Electrons = 8
Nonmetals are _____ when they are solid.
Nonmetals are BRITTLE when they are solid.
How many rings and outer shell electrons does Hydrogen have? (In period 1, family 1)
Hydrogen has 1 ring and 1 electron on the outer shell.
What group wants to gain electrons on the Periodic Table?
Any type of nonmetal wants to gain electrons.