Atomic Personality
Describe what an atom is. What is their role?
Atoms are the building blocks of the universe. They are what everything breaks down into.
What is an atom's atomic number?
The number of protons contained in the Nucleus.
An atom has 6 protons and 7 neutrons. What is the atom's charge?
What is described a "brick" of our material world in your book?
What is the name of the scientist that our current periodic table of elements is derived from?
Dmitri Mendeleev
What does the word atom mean in Greek?
"Indivisible".
What is an atom's Mass Number?
What is ionisation?
The process by which atoms lose or gain electrons.
What is the difference between simple and compound substances?
Simple substances are formed by the same element. Compound substances have different chemical elements.
What are the classifications of elements in the periodic table?
Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids, and Noble Gases.
Electric Phenomena in Atoms can be... ?
Attractive or Repulsive
What is an isotope? What is the difference between isotopes of Carbon?
Isotopes are atoms of an element with different mass numbers. This happens because different versions of Carbon occur with different numbers of Neutrons, but not Protons.
What is the name for an atom that has acquired or gained electrons called? What about if it lost electrons?
Anions (negative) and Cations (Positive)
What is one of Alvaro's last names?
Pascual Martin
Groups and Periods separate the Periodic Table. What does each mean?
Groups consist of elements with similar properties. Periods sort the elements by their atomic number in an ascending order.
Because they're neutral, the number of electrons must equal the number of protons.
How many electrons does a Xenon isotope have if the isotope is not an ion? Xenon has an atomic number of 54, and this isotope has an atomic mass of 134.
54. If the element Xenon does not have an electric charge, the number of electrons is the same as the number of protons.
What is plasma?
Plasma is a gas that is ionised, filled with positive ions and free electrons with no overall electric charge.
Name the 3 ways that atoms form simple substances.
As isolated atoms (alone), by forming crystals (linking to each other as a large group), and by forming molecules (Forming groups of 2 or 3).
Give 3 generic names from the main groups of the periodic table and the name of one element of each group. (Hint: these groups have representative elements.)
Alcalinos, alcalinotérreos, boroideos, carbonoideos, nitrogenoideos, anfígenos, halógenos y gases nobles
Name at least 2 characteristics of Neutrons
1. Form the nucleus of an atom together with protons.
2. Have a mass that's practically equal to that of a proton.
3. Have no electrical charge, but instead are neutral.
4. Causes the difference between atomic number and atomic mass.
5. Causes different mass numbers in isotopes.
What does it mean if an atom is radioactive?
Radioactive atoms are unstable and emit powerful and dangerous energy to remain stable. For instance atoms with higher mass numbers are unable to contain all their protons and neutrons.
Explain what happens when you rub a balloon against a wool jacket. Why does the balloon stick to the jacket after?
When you rub the balloon, the negative electrons jump from the wool jacket on the rubber balloon. Since the balloon is then negative and the wool jacket is positive, the two attract and the balloon sticks.
Name and Explain how atoms for compounds.
Forming Molecules: Compound Molecules are formed by atoms of different elements, such as H2O and CO2.
Forming Crystals from ions with opposite charges: Compounds are formed by two elements bonding by giving electrons. Sodium gives an electron to Chlorine, which makes Salt (NaCl).
There are 2 important blocks of elements, Transition Metals and Inner transition Metals/ Rare Earths. Where would you find them on the periodic table?
Transition: between the alkaline earths and the triels, or in the very center of the table.
Rare Earths: Set at the bottom visually, this group is is technically in the bottom row formed by lanthanides and actinides.