Periodic Table & Elements
A pure substance made of one type of atom
element
Protons carry a __________ charge.
Positive
An atom that becomes electrically charged as a result of gaining/losing a(n) electron(s).
Ion
The difference in charge (partial + and - sides) across a molecule is called ____________.
Polarity
Hydrogen
The number of protons and electrons in an atom is represented by this number.
Atomic Number
This sub-atomic particle carries no charge or is "neutral"
neutrons
Type of bond formed between two or more non-metals
The property of water that explains water's ability to dissolve many polar and ionic substances.
Solvency (universal solvent)
The property of water that allows insects to walk across it:
Surface Tension
The Group (column) number represents:
number of valence electrons
What are "Valence" electrons?
electrons in the outermost energy level
What is the charge of an atom that contains 12 Protons and 14 Electrons?
-2
What does it mean to say that water has a high specific heat?
It requires a lot of energy to increase the temperature
MgO is what type of compound?
Ionic (metal and non-metal)
The number of "energy levels" within an atom is determined by this number.
Period (row)
The number of electrons allowed in the first energy level.
2
How do "ionic" compounds form? (what types of atoms are involved and electron behavior)
Metal atoms donate their valence electrons to non-metals
Liquid water is _________ dense than solid water (ice). This explains why ice __________ in water.
More, floats
H2O (Water) is what type of compound?
Covalent (2 non-metals)
The Mass number represents:
Number of Protons + Number of Neutrons in the nucleus of an atom (ex. Al-- 13 + 14 = 27)
These sub-atomic particles are located inside the nucleus.
Protons and Neutrons
What does it mean for an atom to be "stable"? Why does group "8" not form compounds?
Full outer energy level. Group 8 atoms are naturally stable on their own.
Which properties and mechanism of water explains how water is transported upwards from the roots throughout an entire plant?
Cohesion, Adhesion, and Capillary Action
How many neutrons does an atom with 18 protons and an atomic mass number of 40 contain?
22 neutrons