Atoms
What do Carbon-12 and Carbon- 13 have in common?
Same number of protons (atomic number)..
How many valenec electrons does a group 13 element have?
3 valenece electrons
If an element has 20 protons, 20 electrons, and 20 neutrons, What is its ATOMIC NUMBER?
20 Atomic Number = Number of Protons
What is the oxidation number of Aluminum after it forms an ion?
Al +3
From its name, what do you know about Oxygen-22?
Its mass number is 22.
It must have 14 neutrons.
If potassium, a group 1 period 4 element, needs to ionize, what transformation must it go through?
It must lose 1 v.e. and drop down from 4 to 3 energy levels; the outermost will now be full.
An atoms Mass Number is 30.... Keeping in mind that the atomic number is 17, what can you tell about the atom? ((Hint: How do you find the number of neutrons?))
It has 13 neutrons.. mass number - atomic number = neutrons 30 - 17= 13
Describe the relationship between protons and the atomic number.
They are the same numbers
If a group 15 element gains 3 electrons, then how many valence electrons will it now contain, and what will be it's oxidation number?
8 v.e with a charge of -3
Neutral atoms always have an equal number of what two subatomic particles?
protons and electrons
The period number on the Periodic table (1-7) tells us how many _______ an atom has
Orbital Shells / Electron Shells / Energy Levels
If you know the atomic number and the mass number of an isotope, how do you calculate NEUTRONS?
Mass # - Atomic # = neutrons
What is important about elements in the same group together? What can we predict they will do similarly?
Elements in the same group will ionize the same and end up with the same oxidation numbers, this means that they eventually will bond simalarly to all other elements in their group.
Protons + Neutrons = ____________
What does this tell me about electron size compared to proton and neutron size?
Protons + Neutrons = the mass number of an atom.
Because the electrons are not included in the atomic mass, this means they are much much smaller than protons and neutrons.
What about isotopes is true in terms of all three sub-atimic particles?
Protons - same amount
Electrons - same amount, if there is no charge
Neutrons - different amount than is on the periodic table.
The group tells us how many ________ an atom has.
This tells me an improtant chemical property about any element in that group. What is that chemical property?
Valence (Outer) Electrons
Atoms from the same group will bond the same because they have the same amount of V. E.
To change P to P (- 3 charge), the atom must ______ electons. This does something special with it's outermost electron shell; what is this special something?
Gain 3 electrons
This brings it's outermost she'll up to 8 v.e., which is a full shell.
What happens to the nucleus of an atom as I move from right to left in a single period on the periodic table?
The atomic mass increases, there for the atomic nucleus size increases.