Environmental Conditions: Hot & Humid
When the body needs to lose heat to cool down, what is happen to the blood vessels?
Vasodilate/ Vasodilation
Hypothermia occurs when the body temperature falls below....
35°C
Define Impulse:
Bonus point for the equation.
Impulse is the application of force over a period of time to change the momentum of an object.
Bonus point - Impulse = force × time
Draw a diagram for laminar and turbulent flow
Laminar - Smooth lines around an object
Turbulent - Erratic flow
Which of the following is NOT and acute adaptation when training or competing in altitude:
a) ↑ Tidal Volume
b) ↓ plasma volume to ↑ concentration of haemoglobin in the blood
c) ↑ Nausea/headaches/dizziness
d) ↓ HR and Q during rest and submaximal exercise
D
Define Humidity
Defined as the amount of water vapor that exists in the air
How many days prior to competition should an athlete engage in cold acclimatisation.
7-10 days
What happens to the moment of inertia and angular velocity when the mass of an object is distributed further away from its axis of rotation
Moment of Inertia - Increases
Angular Velocity - Decreases
What type of force is applied when creating spin?
Bonus point - Identify the 3 types of spin that can be imparted on an object
Eccentric (off centre force)
-Back Spin
- Side Spin
-Top spin
Identify one way a Marathon Swimmer may prepare themselves to decrease surface drag when competing in an upcoming competition.
- wear tight-fitting swimsuits
- shave their bodies
- wear lotions
List 3 methods an athlete could use to help cope with exercising in Heat.
Hydration
Clothing
Pre-cool body (ice towels, vests, cold water, slushies)
List 3 of the body's physiological responses to cold weather
- Shivering
- Piloerection
- Peripheral vasoconstriction
When labelling levers, what are the alternative names for the following
- Axis
- Force
- Resistance
- Axis = fulcrum
- Force = effort
- Resistance = load
Name the three types of drag:
Surface Drag
Form Drag
Wave Drag
Which type of spin has the lowest rebound height and travels further distance?
Top Spin
Define the term Cardiovascular drift (cardiac drift)
Definition - when heart rate increases in an attempt to maintain cardiac output caused by a decrease in stroke volume
Which is the most effective method to gain adaptations to altitude and explain why.
Live high, Train Low
This method is seen to be more beneficial as it allows players to maintain their training intensity whilst still getting the added benefit of altitude exposure and its associated physiological adaptations.
Define Coefficient of Restitution and identify the scale it is measure in
Definition: COR measures the elasticity of the collision between an object and a given surface. It measures how much energy remains in the object after a collision takes place.
Scale of 0→1
List 3 factors that affect balance:
Any 3 of the following:
- Size of base of support
- Height of Centre of Gravity in relation to the base of support
- Line of Centre of Gravity in relation to the base of support
- Mass of the object
List the three ways we can lose water to become dehydrated.
1.Breathing, as humidified air leaves the body
2.Sweating , which is used as a cooling mechanism
3.Urination or bowel movements in the removal of waste products.
What time frame (when) should an athlete acclimatise to heat?
4-6weeks prior to competition and then 2x per week leading up to competition to maintain benefits
Identify 3 chronic adaptations that can happen for an athlete over 72 hours when completing altitude training.
1.↑Haematocrit
2.↑ mitochondria
3. ↑ aerobic enzymes
4. ↑ capillaries
5. ↑ myoglobin
Identify and define Newton's three laws.
First Law - “A body continues in its state of rest or state of motion unless acted upon by a force”. This law is also referred to as the Law of Inertia.
Second Law - “The rate of change of acceleration to a body is proportional to the force applied to it and inversely proportional to the mass of the object”. This law is also referred to as The Law Of Acceleration
Third Law - “When every action has an equal and opposite reaction”. This law is also referred to as the Law of Action-reaction.
Draw a fully labelled diagram for backspin on a Basketball.
See PPT image
List the four ways heat can be lost.
- Evaporation
- Radiation
-Conduction
-Convection