John Bowlby
A trusted caregiver who provides a child with a sense of security so they can explore the world
What is a secure base?
Laboratory procedure to assess infant attachment style
What is the Strange Situation?
Percentage of infants with secure attachment style
What is around 65%?
Parenting is quick, consistent, sensitive, responsive
What are parenting behaviors associated with secure attachment style in infants?
A "natural experiment" in England in 1940s that showed effects of maternal deprivation
What are the studies of children in hospital by Spitz and Robertson?
A trusted caregiver who provides the child comfort when the child is afraid
What is a safe haven?
The 3 attachment styles identified by Mary Ainsworth
What are Secure, Avoidant, Ambivalent-Resistant?
Child does not believe needs will be met
What is infant's beliefs about need fulfillment with avoidant attachment?
Parenting is inconsistent – sometimes responsive, sometimes not
What are parenting behaviors associated with resistant-ambivalent attachment style in infants?
Monkey's behavior when they are frightened
What is cling to the cloth mother?
A study that explored the association between maternal deprivation in infancy and adolescent delinquency
What is Bowlby's 44 Juvenile Thieves study?
The most important element of the Strange Situation
What is the reunion?
Child trusts and believes needs will be met
What is infant's beliefs about need fulfillment with secure attachment?
Parenting is extreme, erratic; frightened or frightening; passive or intrusive
What are parenting behaviors associated with disorganized attachment style in infants?
Identified disorganized attachment style
Who is Mary Main?
A survival mechanism, as it draws the attachment figure back to comfort infant
What is separation anxiety?
Where Mary Ainsworth did her first observations of infant attachment behaviors
What is Uganda?
Child is severely confused with no plan to have needs met
What is infant's beliefs about need fulfillment with disorganized attachment?
Parenting distant, disengaged
What are parenting behaviors associated with avoidant attachment style in infants?
The effect of complete social deprivation from birth in monkeys
What is social disturbance in behavior; hostile and aggressive behavior with peers
Reason attachment evolved
What is the survival of the infant?
Parental sensitive responsiveness to infant signals
What is the precursor to secure attachment?
Child cannot rely on needs being met
What is infant's beliefs about need fulfillment with resistant/ambivalent attachment?
Sensitive, nurturing, non-frightening
What are the most important parent behaviors for developing a secure attachment?
Being hatched or born in an undeveloped state and requiring care and feeding by the parents
What is an altricial species?