Phishing
Ransomware
DDoS
100
What are some tactics that phishers use to compel recipients to open attachments or click on links?
Fear, Curiosity, a sense of urgency and greedy.
100
Ransomware is a ___ where a hacker encrypts a victim's data with malicious software with the intent that the attacker must be paid before the system will be unlocked.
Cybercrime
100
How many DDoS attacks have been recorded for 2023 so far?
A. 600,541
B. 810,105
C. 9.3 million
D. 15.4 million
D. 15.4 million
200
Victims are __ times more likely to fall for phishing attempts if it is from a personal contact.
4.5
200
What is the most common type of ransomware:
A. WannaCry - cryptoworm that required Bitcoin payments
B. notPetya - encrypts files and requires money to decrypt.
C. Cryptolocker - trojan horse that searches for encrypted files
D. CryptoWall - trojan horse that requires a decryption key to stop
C. Cryptolocker
200
At what layer(s) in the OSI model do DDoS attacks occur?
Layer 3 (Network), 4 (Transport), and 7 (Application).
300
Define: Spear-phishing
Preliminary stage of an advanced persistent threat (APT) to create a point of entry into organization.
300
What is the most vulnerable operating system to attack:
A. iOS
B. Windows
C. Android
D. MacOS
B. Windows
300
What are ways to prevent DDoS attack?
Use anti-DDoS services, configure firewalls, and use rate limiting.
400
When attackers go after a "big fish" like a CEO, it's called _______.
Whaling
400
What is typically distributed through ransomware?
Email phishing, malversating (malicious malversating), social engineering, and exploit kits.
400
What is a reflection attack and how does it work?
Type of DDoS attack where the attacker spoofs the IP address of UDP packets sent to a reflector server, so the reflector server sends a flood of traffic to the spoofed address. This attack intensifies the traffic and makes it more difficult to trace the source of the attacks.
500
Dear User,
All Hotmail customers have been upgraded to Outlook.com. Your Hotmail Account services has expired.
Due to our new sytem upgrade to Outlock. In order for it to remain active, follow the llink Sign in re-activiate your account. www.account.org
Thanks
Microsoft account team
False, misspelling causes it to be untrustworthy.
500
What happens after ransomware is distributed?
It encrypts selected files and notifies the victims of the required payment.
500
What are the three types of DDoS attacks?
Explain each.
Application Layer, Protocol, and Volumetric.
Application - hacker uses bots and machines to overwhelm servers with requests.
Protocol - exhausts resources of a server (SYN flood)
Volumetric - sending so much traffic the bandwidth gets exhausted.