Attributions
These are explanations of behaviors
Attributions
Fundamental Attribution Error
Learned helplessness can happen because someone has this kind of locus of control
External Locus of Control
Explain the diff between prejudice and discrimination
prejudice is a negative belief about a group of people while discrimination is an action. For example, not hiring someone because they are a woman.
What is one problem with the IAT
lacks reliability and validity
Ms. Currey comes home after a long day and is very cranky when her son, Ford, refuses to take a shower with soap. She yells that he is disgusting. Her daughter then says: "Mom you are a rude person all the time!"
What kind of attribution is this?
Dispositional
This is a definition of the actor-observer bias
The tendency to view our own actions as situational and others as dispositional
Steven is very happy that he has gotten a job lifeguarding that pays $100/hour UNTIL he learns that Lorraine got a job at a different pool that pays $150/hour. What is this an example of?
Downward social comparison OR relative deprivation
This is an example of overconfidence bias
answers will vary
Give one example of cognitive dissonance and an attempt to resolve it
Answers will vary
Give an example of a time where you used a situational attribution
Answers will vary
Megan goes to a party with many people she doesn't know. After standing by herself for a few minutes she sees someone from her Psychology class who she sits next to each day. She is instantly relieved and has a feeling of joy. She wants to talk to this person right away and realizes that she considers them a friend. What is this an example of?
mere exposure effect
Mr. Li has failed his AP Psychology Exam. When his mother finds out, she is disappointed but realizes that perhaps the wording of the questions threw him off.
She also remembers that he has just started playing on his soccer team and has had less time to study.
What kind of explanatory style is this?
Optimistic Explanatory Style
Give an explanation for why we develop stereotypes and how we can work to reduce them
Saves cognitive energy
we have few experiences but try to make sense of people based on these limited "encounters"
Could reduce stereotypes through more interactions with people or by thinking about individuals who may fit into this who don't fit the stereotype.
Believing that homeless people have become homeless due to their own bad choices and don't deserve "handouts" is an example of.....
Just world phenomenon
This is the tendency to attribute positive events to our own character and negative events to situations in order to preserve our self-esteem
Self-serving bias
Adrian wants to buy a new jacket. He goes to a store and sees that there are some nice jackets towards the front for 2000 HKD. As he moves further into the store, he sees other jackets for $1500 and thinks "what a great deal!"
What kind of bias is this?
Anchoring bias
Mr. Currey learns that someone from the University of Texas is going to start working at HKIS. He believes that all people from the University of Texas are lazy. After asking this person to respond to an e-mail, it takes a few days for this person to write back.
Mr. Currey thinks: "I knew it! He's lazy!" What is this an example of?
Self-fulfilling prophesy
What were the findings of the Sorority Study (Park and Rothbart) in regards to in-groups and out-groups
what is a potential explanation for these findings
Out group homogeneity, more likely to rate other groups as being more similar to one another because lack of interactions compared to ones own sorority
Also, makes us feel better to see another group as not as good.
ethnocentrism
All attributions are explanations for.......
Behavior
Give an example of each of the following:
Availability Heuristic
Representativeness Heuristic
Answers will vary
Define the pygmalian effect and give an example of it
Phenomenon where low expectations of performance lead to low performance and high expectations lead to high.....
school example is one
Unconscious/amygdala
Unremembered experiences are stored in the brain and cause us to have feelings that we aren't necessarily aware of regarding a person.
Explain the concepts of belief perseverance and confirmation bias, how they relate to one another and give an example of them
Answers will vary