Measuring Sleep
This device detects, amplifies and records the activity of the brain int he form of electrical signals of the brain (brain waves)
Electro Encephalograph (EEG)
This type of rhythm lasts roughly 24 hours
Circadian rhythm
This amount of sleep deprivation is equivalent to .05 BAC
17 hours of partial sleep deprivation
A healthy adult requires this amount of sleep.
8 Hours
DSPS stands for
Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome
EOG: This is device detects, amplifies and ________________
Records the electrical activity of the muscles surrounding the eye
A sleep cycle is considered to be
Ultradian rhythm
What is considered to be full sleep deprivation and what BAC are some of its effects roughly equivalent to?
This type of sleep deprivation indicates that a person has not had any sleep at all in a 24 hour period
0.10
This is how many hours a child requires to sleep, and the proportion of REM to NREM
What is 10 hours and 20% to 80%
If a shift worker is using BLT to assist with their sleep-wake cycle, when should they use BLT and why?
This type of sleep measurement provides objective and qualitative data
Video monitoring
The stage containing sleep spindles and hypnic jerks
NREM Stage 2
List two potential effects of each of the ABCs of sleep deprivation
A:Increased irritability, due to a reduced ability to regulate emotions , depressed mood, Heightened anxiety, Inappropriate emotional reactions, Reduce ability to cope with stress
B: Reduced motor control, or clumsiness, Reduced spatial awareness, Slower reaction times,Increased likelihood of engaging in risk-taking behaviours, Fatigue, or lack of energy, Microsleeps
C: Reduced concentration, lapses in attention, Poorer performance and increased error rates in cognitive tasks, Reduced ability to cope with, and make decisions or problem solve under stress, Negative effects on memory or increased forgetfulness, Difficulty completing simple, repetitive tasks, Impairment of short-term memory, including the reduced retention of information;
This can often occur in an adolescent's sleep cycle
2 hour delay in sleep onset and melatonin release
Name the key elements that need to be included on a standard graph- Be specific
IV on the X axis, DV on the Y axis with clearly marked incremental measurement and clear unit of measurement, Titles of individual bars, correct information on the bars.
This type of sleep measurement provides subjective information, both qualitative and quantitative data
Sleep Diary
The role of melatonin in sleep is to ____________. It is released into the ________________. Levels of melatonin in the body usually peak around ______________.
1: Induce a sense of calmness, and relaxation
2: Bloodstream (where it can reach every organ)
3: 2-4 am
This is the one area which is different in symptoms between BAC and sleep deprivation. One key difference between the two in this area would be __________________
Affective symptoms
Sleep deprivation:Negative effect on mood making people more sensitive and irritable
BAC: Alcohol can make people feel more excited and happy or more angry and sad (heightened moods)
BAC would likely be more happy
Three things that change in terms of sleep between adolescence and elderly sleep are:
-Decrease of the proportion of REM
-Decrease of overall duration of sleep
-Increased awakenings
-Decrease in time spend in NREM Stage 3
Explain how two eating/drinking habits can affect sleep
Caffeine: Caffeine is a stimulant and thus increases the activity of the nervous system, promoting wakefulness. Additionally, caffeine also blocks sleep-promoting neurotransmitters. Caffeine can be found in coffee, tea, energy drinks, some soft drinks, and chocolate.
Alcohol: Alcohol is a depressant which can increase feelings of tiredness. Therefore, alcohol can make it easier to fall asleep; however, alcohol significantly impairs the quality of sleep. Alcohol often negatively impacts sleep in the second half of the sleep episode, in which sleep disruptions are more common
High sugar/fat foods: Studies suggest that consuming a diet high in fatty foods and sugary foods can negatively impact sleep quality and quantity
Spicy foods: Spicy foods can increase body temperature. As you have learnt, cooler body temperatures can promote sleep. Therefore, the increased body temperature from consuming spicy foods can impair sleep. Additionally, spicy foods can stimulate and increase metabolic processes, which can make it more difficult to fall asleep
When we eat and drink: eating too close to sleep time can make it harder to fall asleep - due to the stimulation of the digestive system
Alex is suspected to be in REM sleep. Describe three quantitative, objective measures that could be used to determine if this is correct, including specifically what those measurements would likely show.
His EEG should show beta like waves (high frequency, low amplitude), his EOG should demonstrate rapid activity, and his EMG should show little to no electrical activity of his muscle tension.
This is the sequence of events that occurs to trigger the body to prepare for sleep or wakefulness
What is:
Light, the primary zeitgeber, hits the retina of the eye, a neural message is then sent via the optic nerve to the SCN in the hypothalamus, which then signals to the pineal gland the suppression (stopping) of the release of melatonin (OR) No/low/reduced light hits retina, message sent via optic nerve to SCN which signals the release of melatonin to prepare for sleep
Amie, Sarah and Tim are out for the evening.
Amie has been up since 7am so has been sleep deprived 18 hours, whereas Sarah has had a few drinks and has a BAC of .10. Tim has not slept since the previous day, having over 26 hours of sleep deprivation. 1. Rank them from safest to least safe to drive. 2. Explain some possible dangers the least safe potential driver would potentially pose when driving.
What is Aimee?
Outline four differences between infant and adult sleep cycles
What is:
1. REM first for infant cycles, 2. Greater proportion of REM to NREM, 3. Frequent awakenings, 4. Longer sleep time duration
Wowwww very brave!
If I'm testing BAC, sleep deprivation and the effects on driving, why would I use a driving simulation as opposed to a real car?