Outer/ Middle Ear
Cerumen impaction and foreign bodies
What are two pathologies of the Outer Ear?
Has three rows of outer hair cells and one row of inner hair cells
What is the organ of Corti?
Air molecules are set into motion
What is sound?
The Study of Hearing
What is Audiology?
Normal, mild, moderate, moderately-severe, severe profound
What are the degrees of hearing loss
Circumaural earphones, insert earphones, bone conduction oscillator
What are transducers for testing hearing
Atresia, Anotia, and and absence of the External Auditory Meatus
What are congenital malformations of the Outer Ear?
One receives sound waves from the middle ear and the other allows the wave to exit
What is the oval window and the round window?
Air molecules are compressed and rarify
What is a wave?
Audiology rapidly developed into a career as veterans were exposed to this excessively.
What is the noise exposure of WWII?
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What are bone conduction symbols
The hearing level at which a person hears the tone 2/3 of the time it is present
What is auditory threshold
The malleus, incus and stapes
What are the ossicles?
If the blood supply is stopped to the ear, this may happen to the hair cells, causing this to occur
Hair cells will die and hearing loss will occur
When only one sine wave is vibrating
What is a pure tone?
A Bachelor's degree, an Audiology Doctorate (AuD) and 4th year externship
What are the requirements to become an audiologist?
A red O and a blue X
What are audiometric symbols for air conduction of the right and left ears?
Add the thresholds at 500 Hz, 1000 Hz and 2000 Hz and divide by 3
What is the Pure Tone Average
Localization, Enhancement of high frequencies, and protection from foreign bodies
What are the functions of the Outer Ear
75% Cochlear and 25% Vestibular
What is the ratio of nerve fibers going from the cochlea to the auditory cortex?
1000 Hz, 1500 Hz, 2000 Hz, 2500 Hz, etc.
What are the harmonics of 500 Hz?
Speech-language pathologists, Teachers of the Hearing Impaired, Otolaryngologists, Physical Therapists, Social Workers
Who are the professionals Audiologists may work with in their careers?
Cannot hear or understand speech without the use of hearing aids or cochlear implants
What is profound hearing loss
Air conduction and bone conduction responses are at the same levels and intertwined
What is sensorineural hearing loss
Aerates the middle ear, maintains equal pressure, opens when yawning or swallowing
What is the Eustacian tube
Apex of the cochlea
Where are lowest frequency sounds perceived?
Amplitude and Frequency
What is the loudness/intensity of a tone and the pitch/frequency of a tone?
Pediatrics, Educational, Medical, Industrial, Recreational etc.
What re specialties in Audiology?
Sound is introduced by an oscillator and transmitted via the vibrations of the skull
What is bone conduction
What is conductive hearing loss