Outer Ear
What are the 4 main functions of the outer ear?
Collecting sound waves, amplifying frequencies, localization, and protecting the ear
What are the 2 main functions of the middle ear?
The 3 bones that make up the ossicular chain.
Most inferior division of the cochlea that contains perilymph.
Scala Tympani
Gourd shaped sensory receptors that are embedded in one row on the basilar membrane.
Inner hair cells
What outer ear features work to protect the middle and inner ear?
Cerumen (ear wax), hair, and S shape of EAM
The center portion of the tympanic membrane.
Umbo
The 3 characteristics of the middle ear that aid in impedance matching.
The structure in the inner ear that is the main playing in allowing us to perceive sound.
Organ of Corti
The process of changing mechanical energy into electrochemical energy is known as this.
Signal Transduction
The innermost border of the outer ear is known as this.
The Tympanic Membrane
The muscle that aids in attenuation of sound.
Attenuation in the ME protects this major structure of the inner ear.
Cochlea
The type of organization that the basilar membrane has.
Tonotopic organization
The periodic vibration of the basilar membrane is known as this.
The traveling wave
The inferior portion of the Tympanic Membrane.
Pars Tensa
The middle ear works to offset this occurrence that causes sound to be weakened during the transition from air to fluid.
Impedance mismatching
The characteristic of the ME that causes a pressure increase due to decreasing area is known as ___.
Area ratio
The organs that can sense linear acceleration and gravity.
Otolith organs
The vestibular system manages this.
Balance
Part of the outer ear that is rich in blood supply and helps keep our ears warm when it’s cold.
Lobule
The pressure difference caused by the differing lengths of the incus and malleus causes what?
Lever action of the malleus
How many times larger is the tympanic membraned compared to the oval window?
17 times larger
High frequencies are perceived at which end of the basilar membrane?
The base
Extracting frequency information is known as this
Spectral Analysis