Electricity & Circuits
This is the closed loop or pathway that allows electric charge, typically carried by electrons, to flow.
What is a circuit?
This specific void function in C runs only once when the Arduino board is first powered on or reset.
What is void setup()?
This type of Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) changes its electrical resistance based on the amount of light it is exposed to.
What is a light sensor?
This type of motor converts direct current into continuous mechanical rotation and is commonly found in fans, drills, and electric cars.
What is a DC motor?
"Identify the Problem" is the first step in this iterative, 5-step problem-solving framework.
What is the Engineering Design Process?
In a parallel circuit, unlike a series circuit, the electrical current has this many pathways to flow through.
What are multiple paths?
While a digital signal only reads HIGH (1) or LOW (0), an analogRead command will return a gradual value within this specific number range.
What is 0 to 1023?
An IR receiver decodes wireless messages from a remote control using this type of invisible light, which has a wavelength longer than visible light.
What is Infrared?
Unlike an AC motor which uses a rotating magnetic field, a DC motor relies on these two internal physical components to keep the motor spinning.
What are brushes and a commutator?
Etuaptmumk, the Mi’kmaw word for Two-Eyed Seeing, teaches the benefit of combining Indigenous knowledge with this.
What is Western knowledge (or Western ways of knowing)?
When drawing an open circuit diagram, this component is shown with a broken line, preventing the voltage from pushing current to the load.
What is a switch?
This specific type of loop repeats a chunk of code only as long as a specified condition remains true.
What is a while loop?
Because wet soil conducts electricity better than dry soil, reading a soil humidity sensor in wet dirt will result in lower resistance and a higher reading of this.
What is voltage?
A servo motor expects to receive a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control pulse exactly this often to determine its position.
What is every 20 milliseconds?
This is the capacity to control your home’s devices and systems, like lighting and security, with just a tap on your smartphone.
What is smart home automation?
In an electrical circuit, if Voltage is the pushing force and Current is the flow, this is the specific force that slows the current down.
What is Resistance (or Ohms)?
To write the word "World" on the bottom line of an 0802 LCD screen, you must set the invisible cursor to these exact coordinates (Column, Row).
What is (0, 1)?
A passive buzzer requires a square wave in to produce a sound, while this type of buzzer only requires a DC signal in to produce a continuous buzz.
What is an active buzzer?
Because the Arduino cannot supply enough direct current to drive large motors, this device must be used as a bridge to manage speed, direction, and torque.
What is a Motor Drive (or L298 Motor Driver)?
The "IF... THEN... ELSE" logic structure is referred to as this specific type of statement in computer programming.
What is a Conditional Statement?
To accurately program an LED to blink "S-O-S" in Morse code, the delay for a "dash" must be exactly this many times longer than a "dot".
What is three times longer?
In a for loop structure like for (i = 0; i < 10; i++), the i < 10 portion represents this specific part of the expression.
What is the Test Expression?
When calculating distance in centimeters with an ultrasonic sensor using the formula duration * 0.034 / 2, you divide by 2 for this specific physical reason.
What is because the sound wave travels to the object and reflects back? (Accounting for the round trip)
On an L298 Motor Driver board, the IN1 and IN2 pins control the motor's direction, while these specific pins control the motor's speed using PWM.
What are the ENA and ENB (Enable) pins?
This is a renewable energy source that involves the conversion of sunlight into electricity or heat using photovoltaic cells.
What is solar power?