The Chemistry of Leaves I
The Chemistry of Leaves II
Elements, Compounds & Mixtures I
Elements, Compounds and Mixtures II
Separating Mixtures
100
What substance gives leaves their green color?
Chlorophyll
100
Which type of substance gives a leaf its yellow color?
Xanthophyll
100
What is a substance containing only one type of atom?
An element
100
What so you call a substance that is made up of different elements that are chemically bonded together?
A compound
100
Imagine you dropped a bunch of iron needles in a haystack and they got all mixed in. What might you use to separate out that mixture?
A magnet! (use the needles' physical property of being attracted to magnets which hay does not have)
200
Which substance gives autumn leaves their red color?
Anthocyanin
200
Chlorophyll enables a plant to do what important process?
Photosynthesis
200
Imagine you mash up a leaf. Is that mashed-up leaf substance an element, a compound, or a mixture?
A mixture
200
What do you call a substance that can be separated into its different parts by physical means?
Mixture
200
Imagine you're on a desert island which has no fresh water. What is a way you can separate the pure water from the salt dissolved in it so that you can have fresh water to drink?
You can boil the water or let it evaporate in the sun and allow the steam or water vapor to condense on something like plastic. The water would have left the salt behind because they have different boiling points (a physical property)
300
What substance gives leaves an orange color?
Carotene
300
What type of leaf is this?
Pin Oak
300
For a compound to be broken apart into the elements that make it up, it would have to undergo a _______________ change.
Chemical
300
Is pure water an element, a compound, or a mixture?
A compound (H2O)
300
Imagine chlorophyll (C55H72O5N4Mg) and beta-carotene (C40H56) have pretty much the same interaction with a solvent and chromatography paper (solubility, polarity). Which one will travel up the chromatography paper the fastest? Why?
Beta-carotene, because it is the smallest / lightest
400
The chemical formula for chlorophyll (a) is
C55H72O5N4Mg
is it an element, compound or mixture?
Compound
400
The chemical formula for a carotene called beta-carotene is C40H56.
What elements make up beta-carotene?Carbon and Hydrogen
400
Chlorophylls, xanthophylls, carotenes, and anthocyanins are all pigments. Are they elements, compounds, or mixtures?
Compounds
400
Which of the pigments has the most atoms in it chlorophyll a, lutein (a xanthophyll), beta-carotene (a carotene), or tulipanin (an anthocyanin)
Chlorophyll a (C55H72O5N4Mg ) <- 137 atoms!
400
When doing chromatography, to find the retention factor (Rf) you divide the ______________ by the ________________
Distance the pigment traveled divided by the distance the solvent traveled
500
The chemical formula for chlorophyll (a) is
C55H72O5N4Mg
What elements make up chlorophyll?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Magnesium
500
What color does a green leaf NOT absorb?
Green
500
A _____ is a mixture that appears to be a single substance but is composed of a solute dissolved in a solvent.
solution
500
This type of substance cannot be chemically broken down into a simpler substance.
an element
500
How does paper chromatography separate parts of a mixture?
Parts of a mixture get separated based on how fast they get carried by a solvent up a piece of chromatography paper.