Anatomy & Physiology
A: The study of body structure
B: The study of how the body functions
A: Anatomy
B: Physiology
OTC drug
Anthelmintic
Over-the-counter medication that does not require a prescription
Drug used to treat internal parasites (worms)
Centrifuge
A machine that spins to separate fluids (e.g., blood)
normal temperature range
Normal dog/cat temp: ~100–102.5°F
Sanitation
Cleaning to remove dirt and reduce microorganisms
Anthropomorphism
Applying human traits to animals
Canine parvovirus
Canine distemper
Canine parvovirus = Highly contagious virus causing vomiting/diarrhea
Canine distemper = Viral disease affecting respiratory, GI, and nervous systems
Cranial
Caudal
Cranial = Toward the head
Caudal = Toward the tail
Analgesic
Sedative
Anesthetic
Drug used to relieve pain
Drug that calms or causes drowsiness
Drug that causes loss of sensation or consciousness
Hematocrit Packed cell volume (PCV)
percentage of red blood cells suspended in whole blood
normal pulse range
Normal dog/cat HR: ~60–160 bpm (dogs), 140–220 bpm (cats)
Disinfection
Reducing pathogens to a safe level
Fractious
Difficult or aggressive animal
Rabies
Leptospirosis
Rabies = Fatal virus affecting the brain; zoonotic and required by law
Leptospirosis = Zoonotic bacterial disease affecting kidneys/liver
Thoracic cavity
contains the heart and lungs
NSAID
non steroidal anti-inflammatory
Total Protein (TP)
Measures protein in the blood plasma
normal respiratory rate
Normal dog/cat RR: ~10–30 breaths/minute
Sterilization
Complete elimination of all microbes, including spores
Professionalism
Acting with responsibility, integrity, and respect
FeLV
FIV
FeLV = Feline leukemia virus; affects immune system
FIV = Feline immunodeficiency virus; similar to HIV in humans
Diaphragm
Muscle that separates thoracic and abdominal cavities
PRN
PO
per required need
by mouth
Fecal float
Test to detect parasite eggs in feces
Needle gauge
Size of a needle; larger number = smaller needle
Antiseptic
Disinfectant
Antiseptic = Chemical used on living tissue to prevent infection
Disinfectant = Chemical used on surfaces to kill microorganisms
Client education
Helping owners understand pet care and health
Heartworm
Parasite spread by mosquitoes; lives in heart/lungs
Stifle and Hock
Stifle = The equivalent of the human knee in animals
Hock = Animal equivalent of the human ankle
The amount of medication to be given is called
the dosage
Direct smear
Fecal test used to find motile parasites
Elizabethan collar
Cone placed on animals to prevent licking wounds
Isolation
Keeping contagious animals separate to prevent spread
Fear-free handling
Minimizing fear and stress during handling
Roundworms
Hookworms
Roundworms = Common intestinal parasites; zoonotic
Hookworms = Blood-sucking parasites in intestines; zoonotic
Nervous system
Controls body activities via electrical signals
QID
four times per day
ELISA test
Enzyme test for diseases like parvo, FeLV, heartworm
Catheter
Tube placed into a vein for fluids or medication
MSDS (SDS)
Material Safety Data Sheet: info on chemical safety
Active listening
Paying close attention and responding appropriately
Mange
Mange = Skin disease caused by mites (Sarcoptes or Demodex)
Integumentary system
Skin, hair, nails—protects the body
SQ/SubQ Subcutaneous
under the skin
Refractometer
Used to measure TP and urine specific gravity
Restraint
Holding an animal to prevent injury during procedures
Zoonosis
Disease transmitted from animals to humans
Informed consent
Permission given with understanding of risks/benefits
FVRCP
DA2PP
FVRCP = Feline vaccine combo: Rhinotracheitis, Calicivirus, Panleukopenia
DA2PP = Canine combo vaccine: Distemper, Adenovirus, Parainfluenza, Parvovirus