Feed Sampling Techniques
What groups do you separate your forage samples into for botanical composition?
Grass, legumes, weeds & dead material
What formula is used to determine Crude Protein (CP)?
%N x 6.2 = CP
When given 3 feedstuffs, what 2 categories are they mixed into in order to check if the ration is balanced?
HEM (High Energy) & LEM (Low Energy)
True or False: Legume hay is an example of a green forage
FALSE - legume hay is a dry forage
Define: the process in which experimental units are assigned to experimental groups
Allocation
Define: number of animals on pasture for a specified time period
Stocking rate
What two categories can carbohydrates be broken down into?
Crude Fiber & Nitrogen-free Extract (NFE)
Given: 3.5% minerals and 10% Brewer's rice
If you want to create a diet with SBM, Corn and Oats, what percentage of the diet would be composed of these?
100 - (10 + 3.5) = 86.5%
This is step 3 of Pearson Square
In order to be classified as a protein supplement, feedstuffs must contain what % of Crude protein?
> 20%
Where on the body of an animal is height measured?
Over the hips & hooks
Define: amount of forage available for grazing animals in a specific pasture of field
Carrying capacity
What formula is used to calculate ether extract (fat)?
weight of extracted fat / weight of sample x 100 = % fat
Why do we use Pearson Square?
To balance diets and rations
The following describes which type of feedstuff?
Crude fiber <18%
Protein < 20%
Energy Concentrates
What is frame size used for?
To predict potential growth/finishing weight
What is forage allowed to grow and accumulate for later use called in the industry?
Stockpiled forage
If we remove ash from our sample, what is left?
Organic Matter
When creating a HEM, you must select the feed with a higher ____ for the bottom left corner of the Pearson Square?
ME (Metabolizable energy)
List 4 types of non-nutritive additives.
Antibiotics, coccidiostats, antioxidants, coloring agents, flavor enhancers, enzymes, buffers, etc...
Define: A least one variable taken into account when assigning groups
Block randomization
If there is 0.0653 kg DM grass in a sample, and the total sample is 0.0918 kg, what proportion (%) of the sample is grass?
(0.0653/0.0918) x 100 = 71.18% Grass
What formula is used to calculate nitrogen-free extract (NFE)?
sample - (H20 + EE + CP + CF + ASH) = NFE
*WECCA
The top left corner of the Pearson Square MUST have a larger ____ value than the nutrient requirement?
CP (Crude Protein)
Give an example.
Anaerobic fermentation
Examples: corn and sorghum silage
Assuming the average weight is 850lbs for a group of 3 calves and it is recommended that they consume 2.5% DM/Body weight, how many lbs DM per animal is necessary?
850 x (2.5/100) = 850 x 0.025 = 21.25 lb DM per animal