Qajar Era
Which Qajar ruler tried to restore the Safavid Empire?
Agha Mohammad Qajar
What was the main reason Russia could easily start its occupation policy in Azerbaijan?
The political and economic weakness of Iran and the region
What system replaced the commandant regime in 1840?
Administrative–Judicial Reform (Gubernia system)
When was the lease (iltizam) system in the oil industry abolished?
1872
Who published the first Azerbaijani-language newspaper “Akinchi”?
Hasan Bey Zardabi
In what year did Agha Mohammad Qajar begin his march on the South Caucasus?
1795
Who led the Russian army that invaded Azerbaijan in 1796?
General Zubov
Who was appointed Governor of the Caucasus in 1844?
Earl (Graf) Vorontsov
Name one Azerbaijani national oil industrialist from the 19th century.
Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev (others: Musa Naghiyev, Murtuza Mukhtarov, Shamsi Asadullayev)
What phrase was first used in the 1891 “Kashkül” newspaper?
“Azerbaijani nation”
What city did Qajar successfully capture after failing to take Shusha in 1795?
Tbilisi
Which treaty ended the First Russo–Persian War in 1813?
Treaty of Gulustan
What was the main goal of the Peasant Reform of 1870?
To liberate peasants from feudal dependence and promote capitalist relations
What innovation was introduced in Baku in 1878 that revolutionized oil transport?
The first oil pipeline and the first tanker “Zoroaster”
Who introduced the political doctrine “Turkification, Islamization, and Modernization”?
Muhammad Amin Rasulzade
Why did Qajar postpone further military campaigns after capturing Tbilisi?
He had to deal with a rebellion in Khorasan
What territories remained under Qajar control after the Gulustan Treaty?
Irevan and Nakhchivan
In what year was the “Regulation of Villagers’ Rights” passed?
1847
Which foreign company dominated Baku’s oil industry in the 1880s?
The Nobel Brothers Company
Which intellectuals were associated with the “Kaspi” newspaper?
Hasan Zardabi, H.Z.A. Agayev, Alimardan Bey Topchubashov, A. Huseynzade
How and where did Agha Mohammad Qajar die?
Assassinated in Shusha in 1797
What treaty finalized the division of Azerbaijan between Russia and Iran in 1828?
Treaty of Turkmanchay
What did the “Rescript of 1846” aim to achieve?
To create a loyal privileged class of Muslim landowners to support Russian rule
What global milestone did Baku achieve by the end of the 19th century?
Became the world’s top oil producer, surpassing the U.S.
What was the main goal of Azerbaijani intellectuals in the late 19th century?
To awaken national consciousness and mobilize people for independence