Anatomical Terms
The head, compared to the chest.
What is Superior
Total number of bones in the axial skeleton.
80
The 3 planes of movement.
Sagittal, frontal, and transverse
During the downward phase of a squat, the knee joint is doing this.
Flexion
What "articulate" refers to.
Bone connection at a joint
The wrist, compared to the elbow.
Distal
The appendicular skeleton's primary function.
Support and movement
The 3 axes of rotation.
Longitudinal, anteroposterior, and mediolateral
During jumping jacks, the arms and legs moving away from the body.
Abduction
What anthropometric data measures.
Human body size and proportions
The sternum, compared to the vertebral column.
Anterior
Location of the thoracic vertebrae.
Mid-back
The plane that divides the body into right and left halves.
Sagittal plane
During a standard bicep curl, rotating the forearm so the palm faces up.
Supination
What ergonomic design aims to do.
Prevent injury and improve efficiency in human use
The heart, compared to the Skin.
Internal
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Which part of the skeleton the radius belongs to.
Appendicular skeleton (upper limb)
The plane a cartwheel happens in.
Frontal plane
The ankle rolling so the sole of the foot faces inward — the most common way ankles get sprained.
Inversion
Muscle arrangement.
What is a factor that affects range of motion?
The ribs, compared to the lungs.
External
Differentiate the axial and appendicular skeleton by location and function.
Axial — skull, vertebral column, rib cage; protects organs, supports the core. Appendicular — limbs + shoulder/pelvic girdles; enables movement and locomotion.
The axis that runs horizontally from left to right.
Mediolateral axis
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Squeezing the shoulder blades together and back, like at the top of a rowing exercise.
Retraction
The axis of rotation a cartwheel occurs around.
Anteroposterior axis
The radius, compared to the ulna, in anatomical position.
Lateral
Longest bone in the body, part of the appendicular skeleton — relative to the tibia, it sits in this direction.
Femur; proximal
A bicep curl's elbow flexion happens in this plane, rotating around this axis.
Sagittal plane; mediolateral axis
A Russian twist rotates the trunk side to side in this plane — name the joint action too.
Transverse plane; (trunk) rotation
Anthropometric data feeds directly into this type of design — Define anthropometric data and what type of design it informs.
Anthropometric data (body measurements) → Ergonomic design (using that data to fit tools/equipment/environments to people)