Modal Power
Choose the best modal: You ___ wear a seat belt; it is the law.
must
Replace the verb: Please continue with your work.
carry on
What is the noun form of 'decide'?
decision
Complete: I ___ here since 2022.
have lived / have been living
Complete: If it rains tomorrow, we ___ indoors.
will stay
Complete: ___ a decision.
make
Report: Mia said, 'I am tired.'
Mia said (that) she was tired.
Make passive: People speak English in many countries.
English is spoken in many countries.
What adjective means 'very tired'?
exhausted
Correct: She don't enjoy crowded places.
She doesn't enjoy crowded places.
Make this advice stronger: You should back up your files.
You ought to / should definitely back up your files.
Complete: We have ___ milk, so I'll buy some.
run out of
What is the adverb form of 'beautiful'?
beautifully
Choose: When I arrived, they ate / were eating dinner.
were eating
Complete: If I were you, I ___ apologize.
would
Complete: ___ attention to the instructions.
pay
Report the request: 'Please close the window,' he said to me.
He asked me to close the window.
Complete: The new bridge ___ next year.
will be opened / is going to be opened
Replace 'very important' with one precise adjective.
crucial / essential / vital
Correct: I look forward to meet you.
I look forward to meeting you.
Complete the deduction: The lights are off and nobody is answering. They ___ be home.
can't
What phrasal verb means 'cancel' an event?
call off
What is the verb related to the noun 'amazement'?
amaze
Complete: By next Friday, we ___ the project.
will have finished
Rewrite: I don't know her number, so I can't call her.
If I knew her number, I could call her.
Choose: strong / heavy rain.
heavy rain
Report: 'I saw Tom yesterday,' Ana said.
Ana said she had seen Tom the day before.
Join with who: The woman is my neighbour. She designed the garden.
The woman who designed the garden is my neighbour.
What verb means to officially end a law or system?
abolish
Correct: Despite of the rain, we went out.
Despite the rain / In spite of the rain, we went out.
Express past ability: After several attempts, she ___ solve the problem.
was able to / managed to
Replace the phrase: I met an old friend unexpectedly.
ran into / bumped into
Add a prefix to make the opposite of 'responsible'.
irresponsible
Correct: I have seen her yesterday.
I saw her yesterday.
Complete the third conditional: If they ___ earlier, they wouldn't have missed the train.
had left
Complete: The team ___ the deadline despite several delays.
met
Report the question: 'Where do you work?' she asked him.
She asked him where he worked.
Make passive: Someone has stolen my bicycle.
My bicycle has been stolen.
Distinguish economic and economical.
Economic relates to the economy; economical means good value or not wasteful.
Correct: He suggested me to apply for the job.
He suggested that I apply / suggested applying for the job.
Rewrite as a past criticism: It was a mistake not to call me.
You should have called me.
Complete: The company plans to ___ a new app next month.
bring out / roll out
Complete with a form of employ: The government wants to reduce ___.
unemployment
Complete: This time tomorrow, I ___ over the Pacific.
will be flying
Complete: Unless you ___ now, you will be late.
leave
What adjective commonly collocates with 'evidence' to mean very convincing?
compelling evidence
Report the warning: 'Don't touch that wire,' the engineer said.
The engineer warned us not to touch that wire.
Choose who or whom: The candidate to ___ I spoke was impressive.
whom
What adjective describes a claim that seems reasonable and believable?
plausible
Correct: The news are extremely worrying.
The news is extremely worrying.
Complete: Visitors ___ have booked in advance; walk-ins are also welcome.
needn't / don't have to
What phrasal verb means 'tolerate' an annoying situation?
put up with
Change 'rely' into an adjective meaning dependable.
reliable
Choose and explain: She has written / has been writing three reports today.
has written, because the completed number is emphasized
Use a mixed conditional: I didn't study medicine, so I am not a doctor now.
If I had studied medicine, I would be a doctor now.
Complete: The policy could ___ a serious threat to small businesses.
pose
Report the promise: 'I'll help you tomorrow,' Ben said.
Ben promised to help me the next day.
Rewrite with have something done: A mechanic serviced my car yesterday.
I had my car serviced yesterday.
Replace 'make worse' in formal English.
worsen / aggravate / exacerbate
Correct: I wish I would know the answer.
I wish I knew the answer.
Use a modal perfect for deduction: I am sure Leo forgot the meeting.
Leo must have forgotten the meeting.
Complete: After months of discussion, the deal finally ___.
fell through
Complete with a form of persuade: She gave a highly ___ presentation.
persuasive
Complete: He ___ for an hour before the bus finally came.
had been waiting
Rewrite with provided that: You can borrow my car only if you drive carefully.
You can borrow my car provided that you drive carefully.
Replace the weak phrase: The experiment gave a surprising result.
The experiment produced / yielded a surprising result.
Report using admitted: 'Yes, I broke the vase,' Leo said.
Leo admitted breaking / having broken the vase.
Make passive reporting: People believe the painting is authentic.
The painting is believed to be authentic.
What noun means an unexpected difficulty that delays progress?
setback
Correct: She accused him for stealing the money.
She accused him of stealing the money.
Complete the missed opportunity: We ___ have taken a taxi, but we decided to walk.
could
Replace the phrase: Can you investigate this complaint?
Can you look into this complaint?
Form a noun meaning 'the state of being scarce' from scarce.
scarcity
Use the future in the past: She said, 'I will call later.'
She said she would call later.
Correct: If I would have more time, I would learn Korean.
If I had more time, I would learn Korean.
Complete: The issue has ___ widespread concern among parents.
caused / raised / sparked
Report using denied: 'I didn't leak the information,' she said.
She denied leaking / having leaked the information.
Add commas if needed: My brother who lives in Toronto is a chef. I have only one brother.
My brother, who lives in Toronto, is a chef.
Choose the best word: The new evidence contradicted / denied his account.
contradicted
Correct: Hardly I had arrived when the meeting started.
Hardly had I arrived when the meeting started.
Explain the difference: You didn't need to buy milk / You needn't have bought milk.
The first does not say whether you bought it; the second means you bought it unnecessarily.
Complete: Her confidence ___ her lack of experience.
makes up for
Complete with a form of understand: The instructions were vague and easily ___.
misunderstood / misinterpreted
Complete: It is the first time I ___ such a convincing argument.
have heard
Complete with inversion: ___ I known about the delay, I would have waited.
Had
Which is natural: deeply disappointed or highly disappointed?
deeply disappointed
Correct: He asked me where was I going.
He asked me where I was going.
Reduce the relative clause: Students who wish to apply should email us.
Students wishing to apply should email us.
What adjective means willing to consider new ideas and change your opinion?
open-minded
Correct: Not only he missed the deadline, but he also blamed us.
Not only did he miss the deadline, but he also blamed us.
Correct the sentence: She mustn't have seen the email, because she replied immediately.
She must have seen the email, because she replied immediately.
Explain 'get away with' in: He copied the report and got away with it.
Do something wrong without being caught or punished.
Build the correct word: His refusal to compromise showed great ___. (STUBBORN)
stubbornness
Correct the sequence: By the time we got there, the film already started.
By the time we got there, the film had already started.
Explain the meaning difference: If she called, I would answer / If she had called, I would have answered.
The first imagines a present or future call; the second imagines a past call that did not happen.
Complete the academic collocation: The findings ___ doubt on the earlier theory.
cast
Report with no unnecessary backshift: The teacher said, 'Water boils at 100°C.'
The teacher said that water boils at 100°C.
Correct the passive: The suspect is believed that he left the country.
The suspect is believed to have left the country.
Explain the difference between imply and infer.
A speaker implies; a listener or reader infers.
Correct every error: If I knew about the vacancy, I would have applied last week.
If I had known about the vacancy, I would have applied last week.