Skeletal Muscle Structure
This connective tissue surrounds the entire muscle.
What is the epimysium?
The two protein filaments involved in muscle contraction.
What are actin and myosin?
This part of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.
What is the central nervous system (CNS)?
This type of muscle fibre is used for endurance activities.
What is Type I (Slow-Twitch)?
This relationship states that force increases when velocity decreases during concentric contractions.
What is the Force-Velocity relationship?
A bundle of muscle fibres grouped together is called this.
What is a fascicle?
This band consists of both thick and thin filaments and remains the same length during contraction.
What is the A band?
The "All or Nothing Law" states that if a motor unit is stimulated, it contracts at this percentage of its capacity.
What is 100%?
This fast-twitch fibre type is the fastest and most powerful but fatigues quickly.
What is Type IIb?
The force-length relationship states that a muscle generates the most force at this length.
What is mid-range length?
This layer of connective tissue surrounds each fascicle.
What is the perimysium?
When a muscle fully contracts, these two zones disappear.
What are the I band and H zone?
A motor neuron consists of these three main parts.
What are dendrites, cell body, and axon?
To generate more force, the brain can do these two things.
What are "recruit more motor units" and "increase signal frequency"?
The role of the Z-line during contraction.
What is "pulls closer together as the sarcomere shortens"?
The smallest functional unit of a muscle that contracts to generate force.
What is a sarcomere?
This ion is required to expose binding sites on actin for myosin to attach.
What is calcium?
This term describes a motor neuron and all the muscle fibres it activates.
What is a motor unit?
This principle states that smaller motor units are recruited before larger ones.
What is the Size Principle?
The type of contraction where force is produced without a change in muscle length.
What is isometric contraction?
This structure within the muscle fibre contains the actin and myosin filaments responsible for contraction.
What is a myofibril?
ATP is needed for muscle contraction because it does these two things.
What are "provides energy for cross-bridge movement" and "breaks the myosin-actin bond for relaxation"?
More motor units are recruited when this happens.
What is an increase in force demand?
The type of muscle contraction where muscles lengthen while generating force.
What is eccentric contraction?
The nervous system division responsible for transmitting messages between the CNS and the muscles.
What is the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?