The Cold War
These two countries were involved in the Cold War.
What are the United States and Soviet Union?
This means that a country is now independent and no longer controlled and governed by another country.
What does decolonization mean?
What was the Marshall Plan?
Joseph McCarthy was a politician that was not well known but gained power and notoriety when he began to accuse other politicians of being communist.
Who was Joseph McCarthy
It's a symbolic clock that shows how close the world is to midnight which means total destruction.
What is the doomsday clock?
After WW2, the U.S. and Soviet Union were strong and began to compete against each other for influence of other countries.
Why did the Cold War begin?
Major, powerful countries were badly damaged after WW2 and did not have the money or resources to control their colonies anymore. England controlled India, but England was so heavily bombed during WW2 they couldn't control India any longer and India became decolonized.
Why did decolonization happen after WW2?
The plan gave over 13 billion dollars in aid to countries around the world.
How much money did the plan give to countries after WW2?
It was a secret list of politicians who were also communists and were going to take over the U.S. government and eventually the entire United States.
What was the secret list that McCarthy talked about?
They both wanted the natural resources from those countries. There were both willing to give money, weapons, and offer political support that countries that were loyal back to them
What were some reasons that both the U.S. and Soviet Union wanted to influence decolonized countries?
They were mostly undamaged after WW2, especially compared to Europe and Japan. They didn't have to rebuild their economies of infrastructure which meant they can invest their money in technology and other countries.
Why did the U.S. and Soviet Union become Superpowers after WW2?
Many of decolonized countries had help fight in WW2 and wanted to be reward with becoming independent.
Why did the decolonized countries push for independence after WW2?
The U.S. wanted natural resources and loyalty from other countries in return of aid, money, and other resources.
What did the U.S. want from other countries in return for aid from the Marshall Plan?
McCarthy believed that the Soviet Union had sent over communists to take over every aspect of U.S. society: government, schools, businesses, communities. No one was safe.
What was the Red Menace?
Mutually Assured Destruction
What does the acronym MAD stand for?
The U.S. and Soviet Union mostly avoided direct, physical conflict. They got other countries to fight for them.
Why is it called The Cold War?
They wanted to have their own governments and make their own laws. They also wanted to celebrate religions and cultures and the people that were original to those regions.
Besides independence, why else did decolonized countries want independence?
The U.S. wanted to stop the spread of communism.
Why did the U.S. want loyalty from other countries?
If you were Black listed it meant that someone had accused you of being a communist. Once you were Black listed you couldn't get hired for jobs, political office, acting roles, and you could get fired from any job or position based on those accusations.
What did it mean to be Black listed?
It was a guarantee that if one country was going to bomb another with nuclear missiles, then it would also be blown up. A crazy policy that essentially said, "If you blow us up, we'll blow you up too."
Why did the U.S. adopt the MAD policy?
A proxy war is when major countries get smaller countries or governments to fight on their behalf.
What is the definition of a proxy war?
The wanted the natural resources from those colonies. They also exploited the people in those countries and forced them to do labor or mine for those natural resources.
Why did major, powerful countries that controlled colonies not want them to be independent and free?
The Soviet Union said that they would give those countries money and aid, but only if they didn't accept the Marshall Plan from the U.S.
Why did some countries not take aid from the Marshall Plan?
The red referred to the colors often found on the flags of Communist countries and was considered a symbolic color of communism. McCarthy wanted to scare Americans about communists (red).
Why was it called the Red Scare?
Japan, England, France, Italy, Netherlands, West Germany, Austria, Spain, Belgium, and more
Name one country supported by the Marshall Plan?