Charles Darwin might be on to something...
He got an evolutionary advantage!
Why do my genes very?
Review Wars
100
The trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment is called this.
adaptation
100
Scientist use phylogenies to map out the genetic similarities and evolution of species. According to the phylogeny below, rodents & rabbits are more closely related to ________.
primates
100
Genetic variation is what makes up the diversity of a population's genetic makeup. Genetic variation arises in two ways. One way is during DNA replication. During replication, DNA can _______ and change an original gene sequence to one that codes for another gene.
mutate
100
A limiting factor can potentially help us determine the ________ _________ of organisms in an ecosystem. This, essentially, is the number of individuals a system can hold or support.
carrying capacity
100
Organisms cannot develop traits they must already be in a population's ________.
genome
100
____ is the strongest evidence of evolution.
DNA
100
The other way genetic variation can arise is through _______ ________. During meiosis parent's existing genes can rearrange themselves creating new variations of genes in their offspring.
sexual reproduction
100
DNA replication happens in the ____ _____ of the cell cycle.
S phase
200
____________ is a selection pressure that made it harder for hawksbeard with feathery seeds to survive and reproduce.
Fragmentation
200
Name the four evidence of evolution.
Fossils, Anatomy, Embryos, DNA
200
The rearrangement of chromosomes happens during Prophase 1 of meiosis. This is when chromosomes pair up and begin to _____ _____, exchanging genes from one chromosome to another.
cross over
200
The carbon cycle supports all life on earth. During cellular respiration organisms release _____ that is then used by plants to create sugar.
CO2
300
A population must have high _________ in order to adapt to changes in an environment.
biodiversity or genetic variation
300
Polar bears and brown bears have a closer common ancestor than brown bears and black bears. This raises questions since polar bears do not look similar to brown bears. Scientist identify the separation of species caused by selection pressures as ________.
speciation
300
Genes are expressed through _____ _______.
gene expression or protein synthesis
300
Energy in an ecosystem diminishes as it flows from one organism to the next in a food chain. What is the structured diagram called that visually represents how energy decreases at each step from producers to top consumers?
energy pyramid
400
In the case of Darwin’s study on finches he determined that different organisms within one species express different traits due to what their environment requires. Environments introduce ________ ________ that can make it harder or easier for an organism to survive or reproduce.
selection pressures
400
When researching common ancestry scientist look at multiple factors that can explain where organisms evolved from. One of these factors include anatomical structure. When discussing anatomical structure organisms that share the same structure and function but are not tied to the same common ancestor are considered to be __________.
analogous
400
A random change in the DNA that changes one nucleotide base (AGTC) into another.
substitution
400
RNA transcribed from the DNA in order to undergo translation in the ribosome.
What is the complementary RNA sequence for the DNA below.
AGCTTTGCCAT
UCGAAACGGUA
500
This scientist suggested that organisms evolve traits because they “need” them. He had a firm belief that if giraffes with short necks needed long necks then they could develop the trait without it already being in the gene pool.
Jean De Lemarck
500
DNA _______ is important when it comes to evolution. Without it, favorable genes cannot be copied and the mistakes that happen during this process to create favorable traits would not exist.
replication
500
During protein synthesis DNA is transcribed into RNA in the ________. The RNA then moves to the ________ where RNA is translated into an amino acid sequence that make up a protein.
nucleus, ribosome
500
Cellular respiration is the process in which chemical energy from photosynthesis is transformed into ATP that is used to power cellular processes. What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + O2 >> Energy + CO2 + H2O