Electricity
What is the term for therapies that use electricity to treat the skin?
Electrotherapy
What does pH stand for? and what does the pH scale measure?
Potential Hydrogen
Measure alkalinity and acidity.
What is the weakest and strongest bones of the face?
Strongest: Mandible
What is a Wood's lamp and what do the colors mean?
A Wood's lamp is a filtered black light that is used to illuminate pigmentation, bacteria, and other skin problems.
White: dead skin or lint
Blue-White: healthy, normal skin
Purple: dehydrated skin or makeup
Acne or bacteria: yellow
Oil: orange
Brown: hyperpigmentation
Describe direct versus alternating currents.
Alternating current goes back and forth
Direct current goes one direction
Define matter and atoms
Matter is anything that has physical properties and takes up space besides light and electricity. Atoms are the basic unit of matter.
Origin: the part of the muscle that is closest to the body and does not move
Belly: the middle part of the muscle
Insertion: the part of the muscle that is farthest from the body and is movealble.
What is another word for a mag lamp and what is magnification measured in?
A loupe
Magnification is measured in diopters, one diopter is equivalent to 10x the magnification.
Ex: 2 diopters equals 20x magnification
What is a conductor and what is an example of one?
What is a insulator and what is an example of one?
A conductor is any material that allows electricity to flow freely. Ex: metal, tap water (or any water that has ions in it), and the human body
An insulator is any material that do not transmit electricity. Ex: rubber, wood, plastic, cement, glass, or silk
What is a compound molecule and an example of one?
A chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements in fixed proportions. Ex: common table salt
What group of bones make up the nose, cheekbones, and jaw?
Nose: nasal bones
Cheekbones: zygomatic or malar bones
Jaw: mandible and maxillae
What are the benefits of high frequency?
-Stimulates circulation
-Increase cell metabolism
-Oxygenates the skin which creates a germicidal effect
-Heals the skin
List some safety devices and define them.
Fuse: prevents excessive electricity from passing through a circuit. It will blow out or melt when the wire becomes too hot.
Circuit breaker: a switch that automatically shuts off an electric circuit to avoid overloading.
What two parts make a solution? Define both parts.
Solute: the substance that is dissolved in a solution Ex: salt
Solvent: the substance that dissolves the solute in a solution Ex: water
What are the differences and similarities between the circulatory and lymphatic/immune systems.
Circulatory System: controls the circulation of blood throughout the body
Lymphatic/Immune System: protects the body by developing resistances and destroying disease causing microorganisms via the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes.
What are the benefits of a rotary brush?
Can stimulate the skin, provides light exfoliation, and remove excess dead skin and oil.
List as many electrical measurements as you can and define them.
Volt: the amount of pressure that pushes an electric current
Ampere: the strength of an electric current
Ohm: the resistance of an electric current
Watt: how much electric energy is being used in one second.
Explain the difference between solutions, suspensions, and emulsions.
Solution: A stable, uniform mixture of two or more substances.
Suspension: An unstable physical mixture of undissolved particles in a liquid.
Emulsion: An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances plus an emulsifier.
Describe the structure of a cell.
Interstitial Fluid/Protoplasm: The colorless fluid/jelly within the cell that provides nutrients for the cell.
Nucleus: The center of the cell
Organelles: Small organs such as mitochondria that are within the cell
Cell membrane: The outer layer of the cell that selectively permeable
Describe the steps of Galvanic as well as benefits and side effects.
Desincrustation: softens the follicles and emulsifies sebum. Esty: holds the cathode (-) Client: hold the anode (+)
Iontophoresis: product penetration two types
Anaphoresis: softens tissues, stimulates nerve endings, and increases circulation
Cataphoresis: closes pores, tightens the skin, and decreases circulation
Side Effects: metallic taste in mouth