Federal Powers
These powers are specifically written in the Constitution
What are enumerated (expressed) powers?
This type of federal aid is given for a specific purpose and includes guidelines.
What is a categorical grant?
Article VI of the Constitution contains this clause, which states that federal law is above state law.
What is the Supremacy Clause?
In America’s early years, this level of government was more important in daily life.
What were the states?
These regions represent population shifts — one growing and one declining — in the U.S.
What are the Sunbelt (growing) and the Frostbelt (declining)?
These powers are suggested by those listed in the Constitution.
What are implied powers?
This federal aid combines several categorical grants under a general umbrella.
What is a block grant?
According to Article I, Section 10, states cannot do these three things.
What are: make treaties, declare war, or coin money?
This term describes a system where state and national governments are sovereign in their own spheres.
What is dual federalism?
Giving federal aid to states and local governments has contributed to this national issue.
What is the national debt?
These powers are neither delegated to the national government nor denied to the states.
What are reserved powers?
This type of aid allows the national government discretion in deciding how much aid goes to certain programs.
What is a project grant?
This amendment reserves powers not delegated to the federal government for the states or the people.
What is the Tenth Amendment?
This president’s “New Deal” programs expanded the federal government’s role during the Great Depression.
Who was Franklin D. Roosevelt?
These grants are controversial because they often come with “strings attached.”
What are categorical grants?
Under this system, national and state governments were sovereign within their own spheres.
Dual federalism
From 1972–1986, this form of aid distributed a portion of federal tax revenue to states.
What is revenue sharing?
The Supreme Court under this Chief Justice expanded the power of the national government.
Who was John Marshall?
This 1960s program by President Lyndon B. Johnson increased federal involvement in education and health care.
What was the Great Society?
Congress may not create a new state without the consent of this body.
What is the legislature of the existing state?
This clause in the Constitution gives Congress the flexibility to make laws that are “necessary and proper.”
What is the Elastic Clause (Necessary and Proper Clause)?
These transfers of money from the national to state or local governments are called what?
What are grants-in-aid?
The national government must protect states from invasion and ensure this type of government.
What is a republican form of government?
Over time, federalism has shifted in favor of this level of government.
What is the national government?
The national government may influence state policy by offering or withholding these.
What are federal funds or grants?